1 #+TITLE: Org-Mode Beginners Customization Guide
2 #+AUTHOR: Carsten Dominik
3 #+EMAIL: carsten.dominik@gmail.com
5 #+OPTIONS: H:3 num:nil toc:t \n:nil ::t |:t ^:t -:t f:t *:t tex:t d:(HIDE) tags:not-in-toc
10 :ID: 68EE02FB-4F09-4BDC-8577-AD4F60DE1B1B
13 #+index: Customization!Introduction
15 Org-mode is a highly customizable package. It currently contains close to
16 400 customization variables that can be changed to tweak every detail, and
17 more than 260 are known to be actually used out there.
19 However, as a beginner you do not care about this kind of flexibility. On
20 this page, we have a list of five settings that you might want to try first
21 in order to personalize your system.
23 Once you are done with that, we also have a list of some 40 variables that
24 are [[https://orgmode.org/worg/org-configs/org-customization-survey-2013.html][changed by many users]].
28 #+index: Customization!Basics
30 ** Minimal customization
32 #+index: Customization!Minimal
34 The minimal customization needed to use Org-mode is -- *Nothing at all!*
35 \par Org-mode works out of the box, and besides the steps described in the
36 manual to [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Activation.html#Activation][activate]] it, /nothing is needed at all/. Just open a /.org/
37 file, press =C-c [= to tell org that this is a file you want to use in your
38 agenda, and start putting your life into plain text.
40 OK, for completeness, let's just repeat what is needed to activate
41 Org-mode in files with /.org/ extension, and a few important key
44 #+begin_src emacs-lisp
45 (add-to-list 'auto-mode-alist '("\\.org\\'" . org-mode))
46 (global-set-key "\C-cl" 'org-store-link)
47 (global-set-key "\C-ca" 'org-agenda)
48 ;; (global-font-lock-mode 1) Not needed in recent emacsen
51 ** Five small steps toward a personalized system
53 *** One: More TODO keywords
55 #+index: Todo Keywords
57 Define the TODO states you find useful and single letters for fast
58 selection. Customize the variable =org-todo-keywords= or simply do this
59 right in the file with[fn:1:press =C-c C-c= in the line after changing it]:
62 ,#+TODO: TODO(t) STARTED(s) WAITING(w) | DONE(d) CANCELED(c)
65 *** Two: Which tags do you use most?
69 You can always add tags freely and by hand, but if you configure the
70 most important ones along with fast-access keys, life will be better.
71 Configure the variable =org-tags-alist= or simply do this right in the
75 ,#+TAGS: home(h) work(w) @computer(c) @phone(p) errants(e)
78 *** Three: Which files are relevant for the agenda?
82 When Org compiles agenda views like the the agenda for the current
83 week (=C-c a a=) or the global TODO list (=C-c a t=), it checks all
84 files in the variable =org-agenda-files=. Instead of setting this
85 variable explicitly, it is much easier to just add and remove the
86 current buffer with =C-c [= and =C-c ]=, respectively.
88 *** Four: Find what you need to see now
90 If you need to sharpen the predefined agenda commands, define your [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Custom-agenda-views.html#Custom-agenda-views][own]]
91 Agenda commands, using the variable =org-agenda-custom-commands=.
92 This is a pretty complex variable, but if you use the customize
93 interface[fn:2: =M-x customize-variable RET
94 org-agenda-custom-commands RET=], it is not too hard. Everyone
95 ends up customizing this one after getting comfortable with Org-mode.
96 Do checkout [[https://orgmode.org/worg/org-tutorials/org-custom-agenda-commands.php][this tutorial]] on building your own custom agenda commands
99 *** Five: Capture ideas with predefined templates
103 Use =org-capture= to quickly capture ideas, tasks, and notes.
104 Populate[fn:3: M-x customize-variable RET org-capture-templates RET]
105 the variable =org-capture-templates= with templates and target
108 * Pretend to be a power-user
110 Here is a list of the variables most frequently changed by power
111 users. The variables mentioned above are repeated in this list. Yes,
112 some power users change 60 options or more, but these showed up most
113 frequently in the [[https://orgmode.org/worg/org-configs/org-customization-survey-2013.html][customization survey]].
118 #+index: Agenda!Files
120 #+index: Archive!Location
122 Here are a few things about basic setup that many people change.
124 - org-directory :: Where are my Org files typically located? Org
125 acutally uses this variable only under rare circumstances, like
126 when filing remember notes in an interactive way and prompting
127 you for an Org file to put the note into.
130 - org-agenda-files :: Which [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Agenda-files.html#Agenda-files][files]] do I want to be checked for entries
131 when compiling my agenda? Many people do not customize this one,
132 but just use =C-c [= and =C-c ]= to add or remove the current
135 - org-startup-folded :: When visiting an Org file, in what [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Visibility-cycling.html#Visibility-cycling][folding
136 state]] do I first want to see it? Many use =#+STARTUP= options to
137 set this on a [[https://orgmode.org/manual/In_002dbuffer-settings.html#In_002dbuffer-settings][per-file basis]].
139 - org-archive-location :: When [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Archiving.html#Archiving][archiving]] an entry, where will it go?
141 *** Editing behavior and appearance
144 #+index: Follow links
150 Besides being an organizer, Org-mode is also a text mode for writing
151 and taking notes. The following variables that influence basic
152 editing behavior and the appearance of the buffer are often
155 - org-hide-leading-stars :: Make the outline more list-like be [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Clean-view.html#Clean-view][hiding]]
156 all leading stars but one.
158 - org-odd-levels-only :: Should [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Clean-view.html#Clean-view][2 stars]] be added per level? This
159 makes the indentation more like in a book.
161 - org-special-ctrl-a/e :: Should =C-a= and =C-e= behave specially,
162 considering the headline and not the leading stars, todo
163 keywords, or the trailing tags? About equal numbers of users set
164 this to =t= or to =reversed=
166 - org-special-ctrl-k :: Should =C-k= behave [[https://orgmode.org/worg/org-faq.html#C-k-is-killing-subtrees][specially]] in headlines,
167 considering tags and visibility state?
169 - org-completion-use-ido :: Should /ido.el/ be used for completion
170 whenever it makes sense?
172 - org-return-follows-link :: Should pressing RET on a hyperlink [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Handling-links.html#Handling-links][follow]]
173 the link? People who are used to this from web browsers often
176 - org-blank-before-new-entry :: Org-mode tries to be smart about
177 inserting blank lines before [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Structure-editing.html#Structure-editing][new entries/items]], by looking at
178 what is before the previous entry/item. Customize this to
181 *** The TODO keywords
183 #+index: Todo Keywords
184 #+index: Todo Keywords!Faces
185 #+index: Todo Keywords!Dependencies
188 - org-todo-keywords :: Which [[https://orgmode.org/manual/TODO-extensions.html#TODO-extensions][TODO keywords]] should be used? Also you
189 can define keys for [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Fast-access-to-TODO-states.html#Fast-access-to-TODO-states][fast access]] here. Very many people use this,
190 or define the keywords with a =#+TODO:= setting in the buffer.
192 - org-todo-keyword-faces :: Here you can define different faces for
193 different TODO keywords.
195 - org-enforce-todo-dependencies :: Should unfinished children [[https://orgmode.org/manual/TODO-dependencies.html#TODO-dependencies][block]]
196 state changes in the parent?
198 - org-enforce-todo-checkbox-dependencies :: Should unfinished
199 checkboxes [[https://orgmode.org/manual/TODO-dependencies.html#TODO-dependencies][block]] state changes in the parent?
205 - org-tag-alist :: Which [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Tags.html#Tags][tags]] should be available? Note that tags
206 besides the configured ones can be used, but for the important
207 ones you can define keys for [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Setting-tags.html#Setting-tags][fast access]] here.
209 - org-tags-column :: How should tags be aligned in the headline?
211 - org-fast-tag-selection-single-key :: Set this to make the tags
212 interface even faster, if all you normally do is changing a single
217 #+index: Progress!Logging
220 - org-log-done :: Do you want to [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Progress-logging.html#Progress-logging][capture]] time stamps and/or notes when
221 TODO state changes, in particular when a task is DONE? A simple
222 setting that many use is =(setq org-log-done 'time)=.
224 *** Capture and Refile
229 - org-reverse-note-order :: When adding new entries (or tasks) to a
230 list, do I want the entry to be first or last in the list?
232 =org-capture= is great for fast capture of ideas, notes, and tasks. It
233 is one of the primary capture methods in Org-mode.
235 - org-capture-templates :: Prepare [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Capture-templates.html#Capture-templates][templates]] for the typical notes and
236 tasks you want to capture quickly. I believe everyone using
237 =org-capture= customizes this.
239 - org-default-notes-file :: If you do not set up templates with target
240 files, at least tell Org where to put captured notes.
242 /Refiling/ means moving entries around, for example from a capturing
243 location to the correct project.
245 - org-refile-targets :: What should be on the [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Refile-and-copy.html#Refile-and-copy][menu]] when you refile
246 tasks with =C-c C-w=?
248 - org-refile-use-outline-path :: How would you like to select refile
249 targets. Headline only, or the path along the outline hierarchy?
253 #+index: Agenda!Views
255 - org-agenda-start-on-weekday :: Should the [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Weekly_002fdaily-agenda.html#Weekly_002fdaily-agenda][agenda]] start on Monday, or
258 - org-agenda-ndays :: How many days should the default agenda show?
259 Default is 7, a whole week.
261 - org-agenda-include-diary :: Should the agenda also show [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Weekly_002fdaily-agenda.html#Weekly_002fdaily-agenda][entries]] from
264 - org-agenda-custom-commands :: Define your [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Custom-agenda-views.html#Custom-agenda-views][own]] Agenda commands.
265 Complex, advanced variable, but pretty much everyone ends up
266 configuring it. Use customize to configure it, this is the best
267 and safest way. Do checkout [[https://orgmode.org/worg/org-tutorials/org-custom-agenda-commands.php][this tutorial]] on building your own
268 custom agenda commands as well.
270 - org-agenda-sorting-strategy :: How should things be [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Sorting-agenda-items.html#Sorting-agenda-items][sorted]] in the
271 agenda display. Even though I think the defaults are very usable,
272 power users tend to tweak this.
274 - org-stuck-projects :: How to find projects that need [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Stuck-projects.html#Stuck-projects][attention]]?
276 To reduce clutter in the task list for today, many users like to
277 remove tasks from the daily list right when they are done. The
278 following variables give detailed control to what kind of entries this
281 - org-agenda-skip-scheduled-if-done :: Scheduled entries. Many users
284 - org-agenda-skip-deadline-if-done :: Deadlines. Many users turn
287 - org-agenda-skip-timestamp-if-done :: Entries with any timestamp,
288 appointments just like scheduled and deadline entries.
289 Relatively few users select this one.
291 People who use Org like a [[http://www.newartisans.com/2007/08/using-org-mode-as-a-day-planner.html][day planner]], who [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Deadlines-and-scheduling.html#Deadlines-and-scheduling][schedule]] all tasks to
292 specific dates, often like to not have scheduled tasks listed in their
293 global TODO list, because scheduling it already means to have taking
294 care of it in a sense, and because they know they will run into these
295 tasks in the agenda anyway.
297 - org-agenda-todo-ignore-deadlines :: Don't show deadline tasks in
300 - org-agenda-todo-ignore-with-date :: Don't show any tasks with a date
301 in the global TODO list.
303 - org-agenda-todo-ignore-scheduled :: Don't show scheduled tasks
304 in the global TODO list.
306 *** Export/Publishing setup
309 #+index: Publish!Setup
311 - org-export-with-LaTeX-fragments :: Should [[https://orgmode.org/manual/LaTeX-fragments.html#LaTeX-fragments][LaTeX fragments]] be
312 converted to inline images for HTML output?
314 - org-export-html-style :: Customize the default [[https://orgmode.org/manual/CSS-support.html#CSS-support][style]] for HTML
317 - org-publish-project-alist :: Set up projects that allow many files
318 to be exported and [[https://orgmode.org/manual/Publishing.html#Publishing][published]] with a single command.
320 * Become a true power user
322 If you want to become a true power user, [[https://orgmode.org/list/FD50CA36-A385-4C80-8E86-E3BE9F352B0A@uva.nl][see]] for yourself what some users
323 do. The Emacs customization system[fn:5:=M-x org-customize RET=] organizes
324 all variables into a structure that can be used to easily [[https://orgmode.org/worg/org-tutorials/org-customize.html][find the one
325 particular option]] you might be looking for. Also, the [[https://orgmode.org/manual/][Org-mode manual]] and
326 the [[https://orgmode.org/worg/org-faq.html][FAQ]] mention many variables in the appropriate context.