1 Instructions for hacking on Xapian's bindings
2 =============================================
4 This file is aimed to help developers get started with working on
5 Xapian's bindings. You should also read the HACKING file in the
6 xapian-core sources which gives information which isn't specific
9 Extra options to give to configure:
10 ===================================
12 Note: Non-developer configure options are described in INSTALL
14 --enable-maintainer-mode
15 This tells configure to enable make dependencies for regenerating build
16 system files (such as configure, Makefile.in, and Makefile), and also
17 enables rules to rebuild the bindings glue code by rerunning SWIG.
18 You'll need to specify this if you're going to modify configure.ac, any
19 Makefile.am, or any .i file.
21 Packages to install for each language
22 =====================================
29 apt-get install mono-devel
36 apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk
43 apt-get install lua5.3 liblua5.3-dev
48 Debian stretch: all required are packages installed by default.
55 apt-get install php5-dev php5-cli
62 apt-get install php-cli php-dev
69 apt-get install python-dev
76 apt-get install ruby-dev
83 apt-get install tcl-dev
85 Adding support for other programming languages
86 ==============================================
88 Many languages can be done using SWIG, and it's probably easier to do so
89 even though some languages may have better tools available just because it's
90 less overall work. SWIG makes it particularly easy to wrap a new method for
91 all the supported languages at once - in many cases just adding the method
92 to the C++ API is enough, since SWIG parses the C++ API headers.
94 What's really needed is someone interested in bindings for a particular
95 language who knows that language well and will be using them actively.
96 We can help with the Xapian and SWIG side, but without somebody who knows
97 the language well it's hard to produce a solid, well tested set of bindings
98 rather than just a token implementation...
100 To be worth shipping in the xapian-bindings tarball, bindings for an additional
101 language really need a version of the smoketest (so we can be confident that
102 they actually work!), and also documentation and examples along the lines of
103 the existing bindings (without these the bindings aren't likely to be useful to
106 To give an idea of how much work a set of bindings might be, the author of the
107 Ruby bindings estimated they took about 25 hours, starting from not knowing
108 SWIG. However, the time taken could vary substantially depending on the
109 language, how well you know it, and how well SWIG supports it.
111 XS bindings for Perl have been contributed for Perl, and these are available
112 on CPAN as `Search::Xapian`. We also have SWIG-based Perl bindings which are
113 in the ``perl`` subdirectory here, as a `Xapian` module. These are replacing
114 the XS-based `Search::Xapian`, and will eventually be on CPAN.
116 These are languages which SWIG supports and which people have done some work
117 on producing Xapian bindings for:
119 Go There are some basic Go bindings written by Marius Tibeica in
120 the "golang" branch, which is currently based on the
123 Ocaml Dan Colish did some initial work on Ocaml support -
124 see: https://trac.xapian.org/ticket/588
126 Guile rm@fabula.de did some work on getting Guile bindings working,
127 but sadly most of this was lost when his laptop's hard disk
130 Pike Bill Welliver has written some Pike bindings for Xapian
131 covering some of the API, which are available from here:
132 http://modules.gotpike.org/module_info.html?module_id=42
133 These bindings appear to be hand-coded rather than generated
134 using SWIG. SWIG 4.0.0 has disabled Pike support due to
135 lack of recent maintenance, so SWIG is probably not a good
138 There are a number of other languages which SWIG supports, but which nobody has
139 yet (to our knowledge!) worked on producing Xapian bindings for - see
140 http://www.swig.org/compare.html for a list of supported languages.
142 It may be possible to support a language which isn't listed above, but it's
143 likely to be harder unless you're already familiar with the tools available
144 for wrapping a C++ library for use with that language.
146 Implementing Deprecation Warnings for the Bindings
147 =================================================
149 Currently we don't have an equivalent of the C++ ``XAPIAN_DEPRECATED()`` macro
150 for the bindings, but it would be good to have. Here are some notes on how
151 this could be achieved for various languages we support:
153 * PHP 5.3 added an E_USER_DEPRECATED error level, and we now require at
156 And then in a deprecated method we do:
158 trigger_error('World::hi() is deprecated, use World::hello() instead', XAPIAN_DEPRECATED);
160 * Python has DeprecationWarning, which we were using in 1.2.x a bit::
162 warnings.warn('World::hi() is deprecated, use World::hello() instead', DeprecationWarning)
164 * Ruby - there are external libraries to handle deprecation warnings, but the
165 simplest option without external dependencies seems to be::
167 warn '[DEPRECATION] 'World::hi() is deprecated, use World::hello() instead')
172 warnings::warnif('deprecated', 'World::hi() is deprecated, use World::hello() instead');
174 * Java has @Deprecated, but I think that's a documentation thing only.
176 It would be great (but probably hard) to reuse the XAPIAN_DEPRECATION()
177 markers. Perhaps parsing the doxygen XML for @deprecated markers would be
180 Also, it would be good if the warnings could be turned off easily, as runtime
181 deprecation warnings can be annoying for end users.