yt_dlp/downloader/external.py

   1 import enum
   2 import functools
   3 import json
   4 import os
   5 import re
   6 import subprocess
   7 import sys
   8 import tempfile
   9 import time
  10 import uuid
  11
  12 from .fragment import FragmentFD
  13 from ..networking import Request
  14 from ..postprocessor.ffmpeg import EXT_TO_OUT_FORMATS, FFmpegPostProcessor
  15 from ..utils import (
  16     Popen,
  17     RetryManager,
  18     _configuration_args,
  19     check_executable,
  20     classproperty,
  21     cli_bool_option,
  22     cli_option,
  23     cli_valueless_option,
  24     determine_ext,
  25     encodeArgument,
  26     find_available_port,
  27     remove_end,
  28     traverse_obj,
  29 )
  30
  31
  32 class Features(enum.Enum):
  33     TO_STDOUT = enum.auto()
  34     MULTIPLE_FORMATS = enum.auto()
  35
  36
  37 class ExternalFD(FragmentFD):
  38     SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS = ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'ftps')
  39     SUPPORTED_FEATURES = ()
  40     _CAPTURE_STDERR = True
  41
  42     def real_download(self, filename, info_dict):
  43         self.report_destination(filename)
  44         tmpfilename = self.temp_name(filename)
  45         self._cookies_tempfile = None
  46
  47         try:
  48             started = time.time()
  49             retval = self._call_downloader(tmpfilename, info_dict)
  50         except KeyboardInterrupt:
  51             if not info_dict.get('is_live'):
  52                 raise
  53             # Live stream downloading cancellation should be considered as
  54             # correct and expected termination thus all postprocessing
  55             # should take place
  56             retval = 0
  57             self.to_screen(f'[{self.get_basename()}] Interrupted by user')
  58         finally:
  59             if self._cookies_tempfile:
  60                 self.try_remove(self._cookies_tempfile)
  61
  62         if retval == 0:
  63             status = {
  64                 'filename': filename,
  65                 'status': 'finished',
  66                 'elapsed': time.time() - started,
  67             }
  68             if filename != '-':
  69                 fsize = os.path.getsize(tmpfilename)
  70                 self.try_rename(tmpfilename, filename)
  71                 status.update({
  72                     'downloaded_bytes': fsize,
  73                     'total_bytes': fsize,
  74                 })
  75             self._hook_progress(status, info_dict)
  76             return True
  77         else:
  78             self.to_stderr('\n')
  79             self.report_error('%s exited with code %d' % (
  80                 self.get_basename(), retval))
  81             return False
  82
  83     @classmethod
  84     def get_basename(cls):
  85         return cls.__name__[:-2].lower()
  86
  87     @classproperty
  88     def EXE_NAME(cls):
  89         return cls.get_basename()
  90
  91     @functools.cached_property
  92     def exe(self):
  93         return self.EXE_NAME
  94
  95     @classmethod
  96     def available(cls, path=None):
  97         path = check_executable(
  98             cls.EXE_NAME if path in (None, cls.get_basename()) else path,
  99             [cls.AVAILABLE_OPT])
 100         if not path:
 101             return False
 102         cls.exe = path
 103         return path
 104
 105     @classmethod
 106     def supports(cls, info_dict):
 107         return all((
 108             not info_dict.get('to_stdout') or Features.TO_STDOUT in cls.SUPPORTED_FEATURES,
 109             '+' not in info_dict['protocol'] or Features.MULTIPLE_FORMATS in cls.SUPPORTED_FEATURES,
 110             not traverse_obj(info_dict, ('hls_aes', ...), 'extra_param_to_segment_url', 'extra_param_to_key_url'),
 111             all(proto in cls.SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS for proto in info_dict['protocol'].split('+')),
 112         ))
 113
 114     @classmethod
 115     def can_download(cls, info_dict, path=None):
 116         return cls.available(path) and cls.supports(info_dict)
 117
 118     def _option(self, command_option, param):
 119         return cli_option(self.params, command_option, param)
 120
 121     def _bool_option(self, command_option, param, true_value='true', false_value='false', separator=None):
 122         return cli_bool_option(self.params, command_option, param, true_value, false_value, separator)
 123
 124     def _valueless_option(self, command_option, param, expected_value=True):
 125         return cli_valueless_option(self.params, command_option, param, expected_value)
 126
 127     def _configuration_args(self, keys=None, *args, **kwargs):
 128         return _configuration_args(
 129             self.get_basename(), self.params.get('external_downloader_args'), self.EXE_NAME,
 130             keys, *args, **kwargs)
 131
 132     def _write_cookies(self):
 133         if not self.ydl.cookiejar.filename:
 134             tmp_cookies = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.cookies', delete=False)
 135             tmp_cookies.close()
 136             self._cookies_tempfile = tmp_cookies.name
 137             self.to_screen(f'[download] Writing temporary cookies file to "{self._cookies_tempfile}"')
 138         # real_download resets _cookies_tempfile; if it's None then save() will write to cookiejar.filename
 139         self.ydl.cookiejar.save(self._cookies_tempfile)
 140         return self.ydl.cookiejar.filename or self._cookies_tempfile
 141
 142     def _call_downloader(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 143         """ Either overwrite this or implement _make_cmd """
 144         cmd = [encodeArgument(a) for a in self._make_cmd(tmpfilename, info_dict)]
 145
 146         self._debug_cmd(cmd)
 147
 148         if 'fragments' not in info_dict:
 149             _, stderr, returncode = self._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
 150             if returncode and stderr:
 151                 self.to_stderr(stderr)
 152             return returncode
 153
 154         skip_unavailable_fragments = self.params.get('skip_unavailable_fragments', True)
 155
 156         retry_manager = RetryManager(self.params.get('fragment_retries'), self.report_retry,
 157                                      frag_index=None, fatal=not skip_unavailable_fragments)
 158         for retry in retry_manager:
 159             _, stderr, returncode = self._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
 160             if not returncode:
 161                 break
 162             # TODO: Decide whether to retry based on error code
 163             # https://aria2.github.io/manual/en/html/aria2c.html#exit-status
 164             if stderr:
 165                 self.to_stderr(stderr)
 166             retry.error = Exception()
 167             continue
 168         if not skip_unavailable_fragments and retry_manager.error:
 169             return -1
 170
 171         decrypt_fragment = self.decrypter(info_dict)
 172         dest, _ = self.sanitize_open(tmpfilename, 'wb')
 173         for frag_index, fragment in enumerate(info_dict['fragments']):
 174             fragment_filename = f'{tmpfilename}-Frag{frag_index}'
 175             try:
 176                 src, _ = self.sanitize_open(fragment_filename, 'rb')
 177             except OSError as err:
 178                 if skip_unavailable_fragments and frag_index > 1:
 179                     self.report_skip_fragment(frag_index, err)
 180                     continue
 181                 self.report_error(f'Unable to open fragment {frag_index}; {err}')
 182                 return -1
 183             dest.write(decrypt_fragment(fragment, src.read()))
 184             src.close()
 185             if not self.params.get('keep_fragments', False):
 186                 self.try_remove(fragment_filename)
 187         dest.close()
 188         self.try_remove(f'{tmpfilename}.frag.urls')
 189         return 0
 190
 191     def _call_process(self, cmd, info_dict):
 192         return Popen.run(cmd, text=True, stderr=subprocess.PIPE if self._CAPTURE_STDERR else None)
 193
 194
 195 class CurlFD(ExternalFD):
 196     AVAILABLE_OPT = '-V'
 197     _CAPTURE_STDERR = False  # curl writes the progress to stderr
 198
 199     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 200         cmd = [self.exe, '--location', '-o', tmpfilename, '--compressed']
 201         cookie_header = self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url'])
 202         if cookie_header:
 203             cmd += ['--cookie', cookie_header]
 204         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 205             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 206                 cmd += ['--header', f'{key}: {val}']
 207
 208         cmd += self._bool_option('--continue-at', 'continuedl', '-', '0')
 209         cmd += self._valueless_option('--silent', 'noprogress')
 210         cmd += self._valueless_option('--verbose', 'verbose')
 211         cmd += self._option('--limit-rate', 'ratelimit')
 212         retry = self._option('--retry', 'retries')
 213         if len(retry) == 2:
 214             if retry[1] in ('inf', 'infinite'):
 215                 retry[1] = '2147483647'
 216             cmd += retry
 217         cmd += self._option('--max-filesize', 'max_filesize')
 218         cmd += self._option('--interface', 'source_address')
 219         cmd += self._option('--proxy', 'proxy')
 220         cmd += self._valueless_option('--insecure', 'nocheckcertificate')
 221         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 222         cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
 223         return cmd
 224
 225
 226 class AxelFD(ExternalFD):
 227     AVAILABLE_OPT = '-V'
 228
 229     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 230         cmd = [self.exe, '-o', tmpfilename]
 231         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 232             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 233                 cmd += ['-H', f'{key}: {val}']
 234         cookie_header = self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url'])
 235         if cookie_header:
 236             cmd += ['-H', f'Cookie: {cookie_header}', '--max-redirect=0']
 237         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 238         cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
 239         return cmd
 240
 241
 242 class WgetFD(ExternalFD):
 243     AVAILABLE_OPT = '--version'
 244
 245     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 246         cmd = [self.exe, '-O', tmpfilename, '-nv', '--compression=auto']
 247         if self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url']):
 248             cmd += ['--load-cookies', self._write_cookies()]
 249         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 250             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 251                 cmd += ['--header', f'{key}: {val}']
 252         cmd += self._option('--limit-rate', 'ratelimit')
 253         retry = self._option('--tries', 'retries')
 254         if len(retry) == 2:
 255             if retry[1] in ('inf', 'infinite'):
 256                 retry[1] = '0'
 257             cmd += retry
 258         cmd += self._option('--bind-address', 'source_address')
 259         proxy = self.params.get('proxy')
 260         if proxy:
 261             for var in ('http_proxy', 'https_proxy'):
 262                 cmd += ['--execute', f'{var}={proxy}']
 263         cmd += self._valueless_option('--no-check-certificate', 'nocheckcertificate')
 264         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 265         cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
 266         return cmd
 267
 268
 269 class Aria2cFD(ExternalFD):
 270     AVAILABLE_OPT = '-v'
 271     SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS = ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'ftps', 'dash_frag_urls', 'm3u8_frag_urls')
 272
 273     @staticmethod
 274     def supports_manifest(manifest):
 275         UNSUPPORTED_FEATURES = [
 276             r'#EXT-X-BYTERANGE',  # playlists composed of byte ranges of media files [1]
 277             # 1. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.2.2
 278         ]
 279         check_results = (not re.search(feature, manifest) for feature in UNSUPPORTED_FEATURES)
 280         return all(check_results)
 281
 282     @staticmethod
 283     def _aria2c_filename(fn):
 284         return fn if os.path.isabs(fn) else f'.{os.path.sep}{fn}'
 285
 286     def _call_downloader(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 287         # FIXME: Disabled due to https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5931
 288         if False and 'no-external-downloader-progress' not in self.params.get('compat_opts', []):
 289             info_dict['__rpc'] = {
 290                 'port': find_available_port() or 19190,
 291                 'secret': str(uuid.uuid4()),
 292             }
 293         return super()._call_downloader(tmpfilename, info_dict)
 294
 295     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 296         cmd = [self.exe, '-c', '--no-conf',
 297                '--console-log-level=warn', '--summary-interval=0', '--download-result=hide',
 298                '--http-accept-gzip=true', '--file-allocation=none', '-x16', '-j16', '-s16']
 299         if 'fragments' in info_dict:
 300             cmd += ['--allow-overwrite=true', '--allow-piece-length-change=true']
 301         else:
 302             cmd += ['--min-split-size', '1M']
 303
 304         if self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url']):
 305             cmd += [f'--load-cookies={self._write_cookies()}']
 306         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 307             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 308                 cmd += ['--header', f'{key}: {val}']
 309         cmd += self._option('--max-overall-download-limit', 'ratelimit')
 310         cmd += self._option('--interface', 'source_address')
 311         cmd += self._option('--all-proxy', 'proxy')
 312         cmd += self._bool_option('--check-certificate', 'nocheckcertificate', 'false', 'true', '=')
 313         cmd += self._bool_option('--remote-time', 'updatetime', 'true', 'false', '=')
 314         cmd += self._bool_option('--show-console-readout', 'noprogress', 'false', 'true', '=')
 315         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 316
 317         if '__rpc' in info_dict:
 318             cmd += [
 319                 '--enable-rpc',
 320                 f'--rpc-listen-port={info_dict["__rpc"]["port"]}',
 321                 f'--rpc-secret={info_dict["__rpc"]["secret"]}']
 322
 323         # aria2c strips out spaces from the beginning/end of filenames and paths.
 324         # We work around this issue by adding a "./" to the beginning of the
 325         # filename and relative path, and adding a "/" at the end of the path.
 326         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/276
 327         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/20312
 328         # https://github.com/aria2/aria2/issues/1373
 329         dn = os.path.dirname(tmpfilename)
 330         if dn:
 331             cmd += ['--dir', self._aria2c_filename(dn) + os.path.sep]
 332         if 'fragments' not in info_dict:
 333             cmd += ['--out', self._aria2c_filename(os.path.basename(tmpfilename))]
 334         cmd += ['--auto-file-renaming=false']
 335
 336         if 'fragments' in info_dict:
 337             cmd += ['--uri-selector=inorder']
 338             url_list_file = f'{tmpfilename}.frag.urls'
 339             url_list = []
 340             for frag_index, fragment in enumerate(info_dict['fragments']):
 341                 fragment_filename = f'{os.path.basename(tmpfilename)}-Frag{frag_index}'
 342                 url_list.append('{}\n\tout={}'.format(fragment['url'], self._aria2c_filename(fragment_filename)))
 343             stream, _ = self.sanitize_open(url_list_file, 'wb')
 344             stream.write('\n'.join(url_list).encode())
 345             stream.close()
 346             cmd += ['-i', self._aria2c_filename(url_list_file)]
 347         else:
 348             cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
 349         return cmd
 350
 351     def aria2c_rpc(self, rpc_port, rpc_secret, method, params=()):
 352         # Does not actually need to be UUID, just unique
 353         sanitycheck = str(uuid.uuid4())
 354         d = json.dumps({
 355             'jsonrpc': '2.0',
 356             'id': sanitycheck,
 357             'method': method,
 358             'params': [f'token:{rpc_secret}', *params],
 359         }).encode()
 360         request = Request(
 361             f'http://localhost:{rpc_port}/jsonrpc',
 362             data=d, headers={
 363                 'Content-Type': 'application/json',
 364                 'Content-Length': f'{len(d)}',
 365             }, proxies={'all': None})
 366         with self.ydl.urlopen(request) as r:
 367             resp = json.load(r)
 368         assert resp.get('id') == sanitycheck, 'Something went wrong with RPC server'
 369         return resp['result']
 370
 371     def _call_process(self, cmd, info_dict):
 372         if '__rpc' not in info_dict:
 373             return super()._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
 374
 375         send_rpc = functools.partial(self.aria2c_rpc, info_dict['__rpc']['port'], info_dict['__rpc']['secret'])
 376         started = time.time()
 377
 378         fragmented = 'fragments' in info_dict
 379         frag_count = len(info_dict['fragments']) if fragmented else 1
 380         status = {
 381             'filename': info_dict.get('_filename'),
 382             'status': 'downloading',
 383             'elapsed': 0,
 384             'downloaded_bytes': 0,
 385             'fragment_count': frag_count if fragmented else None,
 386             'fragment_index': 0 if fragmented else None,
 387         }
 388         self._hook_progress(status, info_dict)
 389
 390         def get_stat(key, *obj, average=False):
 391             val = tuple(filter(None, map(float, traverse_obj(obj, (..., ..., key))))) or [0]
 392             return sum(val) / (len(val) if average else 1)
 393
 394         with Popen(cmd, text=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) as p:
 395             # Add a small sleep so that RPC client can receive response,
 396             # or the connection stalls infinitely
 397             time.sleep(0.2)
 398             retval = p.poll()
 399             while retval is None:
 400                 # We don't use tellStatus as we won't know the GID without reading stdout
 401                 # Ref: https://aria2.github.io/manual/en/html/aria2c.html#aria2.tellActive
 402                 active = send_rpc('aria2.tellActive')
 403                 completed = send_rpc('aria2.tellStopped', [0, frag_count])
 404
 405                 downloaded = get_stat('totalLength', completed) + get_stat('completedLength', active)
 406                 speed = get_stat('downloadSpeed', active)
 407                 total = frag_count * get_stat('totalLength', active, completed, average=True)
 408                 if total < downloaded:
 409                     total = None
 410
 411                 status.update({
 412                     'downloaded_bytes': int(downloaded),
 413                     'speed': speed,
 414                     'total_bytes': None if fragmented else total,
 415                     'total_bytes_estimate': total,
 416                     'eta': (total - downloaded) / (speed or 1),
 417                     'fragment_index': min(frag_count, len(completed) + 1) if fragmented else None,
 418                     'elapsed': time.time() - started,
 419                 })
 420                 self._hook_progress(status, info_dict)
 421
 422                 if not active and len(completed) >= frag_count:
 423                     send_rpc('aria2.shutdown')
 424                     retval = p.wait()
 425                     break
 426
 427                 time.sleep(0.1)
 428                 retval = p.poll()
 429
 430             return '', p.stderr.read(), retval
 431
 432
 433 class HttpieFD(ExternalFD):
 434     AVAILABLE_OPT = '--version'
 435     EXE_NAME = 'http'
 436
 437     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 438         cmd = ['http', '--download', '--output', tmpfilename, info_dict['url']]
 439
 440         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 441             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 442                 cmd += [f'{key}:{val}']
 443
 444         # httpie 3.1.0+ removes the Cookie header on redirect, so this should be safe for now. [1]
 445         # If we ever need cookie handling for redirects, we can export the cookiejar into a session. [2]
 446         # 1: https://github.com/httpie/httpie/security/advisories/GHSA-9w4w-cpc8-h2fq
 447         # 2: https://httpie.io/docs/cli/sessions
 448         cookie_header = self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url'])
 449         if cookie_header:
 450             cmd += [f'Cookie:{cookie_header}']
 451         return cmd
 452
 453
 454 class FFmpegFD(ExternalFD):
 455     SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS = ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'ftps', 'm3u8', 'm3u8_native', 'rtsp', 'rtmp', 'rtmp_ffmpeg', 'mms', 'http_dash_segments')
 456     SUPPORTED_FEATURES = (Features.TO_STDOUT, Features.MULTIPLE_FORMATS)
 457
 458     @classmethod
 459     def available(cls, path=None):
 460         # TODO: Fix path for ffmpeg
 461         # Fixme: This may be wrong when --ffmpeg-location is used
 462         return FFmpegPostProcessor().available
 463
 464     def on_process_started(self, proc, stdin):
 465         """ Override this in subclasses  """
 466         pass
 467
 468     @classmethod
 469     def can_merge_formats(cls, info_dict, params):
 470         return (
 471             info_dict.get('requested_formats')
 472             and info_dict.get('protocol')
 473             and not params.get('allow_unplayable_formats')
 474             and 'no-direct-merge' not in params.get('compat_opts', [])
 475             and cls.can_download(info_dict))
 476
 477     def _call_downloader(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 478         ffpp = FFmpegPostProcessor(downloader=self)
 479         if not ffpp.available:
 480             self.report_error('m3u8 download detected but ffmpeg could not be found. Please install')
 481             return False
 482         ffpp.check_version()
 483
 484         args = [ffpp.executable, '-y']
 485
 486         for log_level in ('quiet', 'verbose'):
 487             if self.params.get(log_level, False):
 488                 args += ['-loglevel', log_level]
 489                 break
 490         if not self.params.get('verbose'):
 491             args += ['-hide_banner']
 492
 493         args += traverse_obj(info_dict, ('downloader_options', 'ffmpeg_args', ...))
 494
 495         # These exists only for compatibility. Extractors should use
 496         # info_dict['downloader_options']['ffmpeg_args'] instead
 497         args += info_dict.get('_ffmpeg_args') or []
 498         seekable = info_dict.get('_seekable')
 499         if seekable is not None:
 500             # setting -seekable prevents ffmpeg from guessing if the server
 501             # supports seeking(by adding the header `Range: bytes=0-`), which
 502             # can cause problems in some cases
 503             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11800#issuecomment-275037127
 504             # http://trac.ffmpeg.org/ticket/6125#comment:10
 505             args += ['-seekable', '1' if seekable else '0']
 506
 507         env = None
 508         proxy = self.params.get('proxy')
 509         if proxy:
 510             if not re.match(r'[\da-zA-Z]+://', proxy):
 511                 proxy = f'http://{proxy}'
 512
 513             if proxy.startswith('socks'):
 514                 self.report_warning(
 515                     f'{self.get_basename()} does not support SOCKS proxies. Downloading is likely to fail. '
 516                     'Consider adding --hls-prefer-native to your command.')
 517
 518             # Since December 2015 ffmpeg supports -http_proxy option (see
 519             # http://git.videolan.org/?p=ffmpeg.git;a=commit;h=b4eb1f29ebddd60c41a2eb39f5af701e38e0d3fd)
 520             # We could switch to the following code if we are able to detect version properly
 521             # args += ['-http_proxy', proxy]
 522             env = os.environ.copy()
 523             env['HTTP_PROXY'] = proxy
 524             env['http_proxy'] = proxy
 525
 526         protocol = info_dict.get('protocol')
 527
 528         if protocol == 'rtmp':
 529             player_url = info_dict.get('player_url')
 530             page_url = info_dict.get('page_url')
 531             app = info_dict.get('app')
 532             play_path = info_dict.get('play_path')
 533             tc_url = info_dict.get('tc_url')
 534             flash_version = info_dict.get('flash_version')
 535             live = info_dict.get('rtmp_live', False)
 536             conn = info_dict.get('rtmp_conn')
 537             if player_url is not None:
 538                 args += ['-rtmp_swfverify', player_url]
 539             if page_url is not None:
 540                 args += ['-rtmp_pageurl', page_url]
 541             if app is not None:
 542                 args += ['-rtmp_app', app]
 543             if play_path is not None:
 544                 args += ['-rtmp_playpath', play_path]
 545             if tc_url is not None:
 546                 args += ['-rtmp_tcurl', tc_url]
 547             if flash_version is not None:
 548                 args += ['-rtmp_flashver', flash_version]
 549             if live:
 550                 args += ['-rtmp_live', 'live']
 551             if isinstance(conn, list):
 552                 for entry in conn:
 553                     args += ['-rtmp_conn', entry]
 554             elif isinstance(conn, str):
 555                 args += ['-rtmp_conn', conn]
 556
 557         start_time, end_time = info_dict.get('section_start') or 0, info_dict.get('section_end')
 558
 559         selected_formats = info_dict.get('requested_formats') or [info_dict]
 560         for i, fmt in enumerate(selected_formats):
 561             is_http = re.match(r'https?://', fmt['url'])
 562             cookies = self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookies_for_url(fmt['url']) if is_http else []
 563             if cookies:
 564                 args.extend(['-cookies', ''.join(
 565                     f'{cookie.name}={cookie.value}; path={cookie.path}; domain={cookie.domain};\r\n'
 566                     for cookie in cookies)])
 567             if fmt.get('http_headers') and is_http:
 568                 # Trailing \r\n after each HTTP header is important to prevent warning from ffmpeg/avconv:
 569                 # [http @ 00000000003d2fa0] No trailing CRLF found in HTTP header.
 570                 args.extend(['-headers', ''.join(f'{key}: {val}\r\n' for key, val in fmt['http_headers'].items())])
 571
 572             if start_time:
 573                 args += ['-ss', str(start_time)]
 574             if end_time:
 575                 args += ['-t', str(end_time - start_time)]
 576
 577             args += [*self._configuration_args((f'_i{i + 1}', '_i')), '-i', fmt['url']]
 578
 579         if not (start_time or end_time) or not self.params.get('force_keyframes_at_cuts'):
 580             args += ['-c', 'copy']
 581
 582         if info_dict.get('requested_formats') or protocol == 'http_dash_segments':
 583             for i, fmt in enumerate(selected_formats):
 584                 stream_number = fmt.get('manifest_stream_number', 0)
 585                 args.extend(['-map', f'{i}:{stream_number}'])
 586
 587         if self.params.get('test', False):
 588             args += ['-fs', str(self._TEST_FILE_SIZE)]
 589
 590         ext = info_dict['ext']
 591         if protocol in ('m3u8', 'm3u8_native'):
 592             use_mpegts = (tmpfilename == '-') or self.params.get('hls_use_mpegts')
 593             if use_mpegts is None:
 594                 use_mpegts = info_dict.get('is_live')
 595             if use_mpegts:
 596                 args += ['-f', 'mpegts']
 597             else:
 598                 args += ['-f', 'mp4']
 599                 if (ffpp.basename == 'ffmpeg' and ffpp._features.get('needs_adtstoasc')) and (not info_dict.get('acodec') or info_dict['acodec'].split('.')[0] in ('aac', 'mp4a')):
 600                     args += ['-bsf:a', 'aac_adtstoasc']
 601         elif protocol == 'rtmp':
 602             args += ['-f', 'flv']
 603         elif ext == 'mp4' and tmpfilename == '-':
 604             args += ['-f', 'mpegts']
 605         elif ext == 'unknown_video':
 606             ext = determine_ext(remove_end(tmpfilename, '.part'))
 607             if ext == 'unknown_video':
 608                 self.report_warning(
 609                     'The video format is unknown and cannot be downloaded by ffmpeg. '
 610                     'Explicitly set the extension in the filename to attempt download in that format')
 611             else:
 612                 self.report_warning(f'The video format is unknown. Trying to download as {ext} according to the filename')
 613                 args += ['-f', EXT_TO_OUT_FORMATS.get(ext, ext)]
 614         else:
 615             args += ['-f', EXT_TO_OUT_FORMATS.get(ext, ext)]
 616
 617         args += traverse_obj(info_dict, ('downloader_options', 'ffmpeg_args_out', ...))
 618
 619         args += self._configuration_args(('_o1', '_o', ''))
 620
 621         args = [encodeArgument(opt) for opt in args]
 622         args.append(ffpp._ffmpeg_filename_argument(tmpfilename))
 623         self._debug_cmd(args)
 624
 625         piped = any(fmt['url'] in ('-', 'pipe:') for fmt in selected_formats)
 626         with Popen(args, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, env=env) as proc:
 627             if piped:
 628                 self.on_process_started(proc, proc.stdin)
 629             try:
 630                 retval = proc.wait()
 631             except BaseException as e:
 632                 # subprocces.run would send the SIGKILL signal to ffmpeg and the
 633                 # mp4 file couldn't be played, but if we ask ffmpeg to quit it
 634                 # produces a file that is playable (this is mostly useful for live
 635                 # streams). Note that Windows is not affected and produces playable
 636                 # files (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8300).
 637                 if isinstance(e, KeyboardInterrupt) and sys.platform != 'win32' and not piped:
 638                     proc.communicate_or_kill(b'q')
 639                 else:
 640                     proc.kill(timeout=None)
 641                 raise
 642             return retval
 643
 644
 645 class AVconvFD(FFmpegFD):
 646     pass
 647
 648
 649 _BY_NAME = {
 650     klass.get_basename(): klass
 651     for name, klass in globals().items()
 652     if name.endswith('FD') and name not in ('ExternalFD', 'FragmentFD')
 653 }
 654
 655
 656 def list_external_downloaders():
 657     return sorted(_BY_NAME.keys())
 658
 659
 660 def get_external_downloader(external_downloader):
 661     """ Given the name of the executable, see whether we support the given downloader """
 662     bn = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(external_downloader))[0]
 663     return _BY_NAME.get(bn) or next((
 664         klass for klass in _BY_NAME.values() if klass.EXE_NAME in bn
 665     ), None)