yt_dlp/downloader/external.py

   1 import enum
   2 import functools
   3 import json
   4 import os
   5 import re
   6 import subprocess
   7 import sys
   8 import tempfile
   9 import time
  10 import uuid
  11
  12 from .fragment import FragmentFD
  13 from ..networking import Request
  14 from ..postprocessor.ffmpeg import EXT_TO_OUT_FORMATS, FFmpegPostProcessor
  15 from ..utils import (
  16     Popen,
  17     RetryManager,
  18     _configuration_args,
  19     check_executable,
  20     classproperty,
  21     cli_bool_option,
  22     cli_option,
  23     cli_valueless_option,
  24     determine_ext,
  25     encodeArgument,
  26     encodeFilename,
  27     find_available_port,
  28     remove_end,
  29     traverse_obj,
  30 )
  31
  32
  33 class Features(enum.Enum):
  34     TO_STDOUT = enum.auto()
  35     MULTIPLE_FORMATS = enum.auto()
  36
  37
  38 class ExternalFD(FragmentFD):
  39     SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS = ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'ftps')
  40     SUPPORTED_FEATURES = ()
  41     _CAPTURE_STDERR = True
  42
  43     def real_download(self, filename, info_dict):
  44         self.report_destination(filename)
  45         tmpfilename = self.temp_name(filename)
  46         self._cookies_tempfile = None
  47
  48         try:
  49             started = time.time()
  50             retval = self._call_downloader(tmpfilename, info_dict)
  51         except KeyboardInterrupt:
  52             if not info_dict.get('is_live'):
  53                 raise
  54             # Live stream downloading cancellation should be considered as
  55             # correct and expected termination thus all postprocessing
  56             # should take place
  57             retval = 0
  58             self.to_screen(f'[{self.get_basename()}] Interrupted by user')
  59         finally:
  60             if self._cookies_tempfile:
  61                 self.try_remove(self._cookies_tempfile)
  62
  63         if retval == 0:
  64             status = {
  65                 'filename': filename,
  66                 'status': 'finished',
  67                 'elapsed': time.time() - started,
  68             }
  69             if filename != '-':
  70                 fsize = os.path.getsize(encodeFilename(tmpfilename))
  71                 self.try_rename(tmpfilename, filename)
  72                 status.update({
  73                     'downloaded_bytes': fsize,
  74                     'total_bytes': fsize,
  75                 })
  76             self._hook_progress(status, info_dict)
  77             return True
  78         else:
  79             self.to_stderr('\n')
  80             self.report_error('%s exited with code %d' % (
  81                 self.get_basename(), retval))
  82             return False
  83
  84     @classmethod
  85     def get_basename(cls):
  86         return cls.__name__[:-2].lower()
  87
  88     @classproperty
  89     def EXE_NAME(cls):
  90         return cls.get_basename()
  91
  92     @functools.cached_property
  93     def exe(self):
  94         return self.EXE_NAME
  95
  96     @classmethod
  97     def available(cls, path=None):
  98         path = check_executable(
  99             cls.EXE_NAME if path in (None, cls.get_basename()) else path,
 100             [cls.AVAILABLE_OPT])
 101         if not path:
 102             return False
 103         cls.exe = path
 104         return path
 105
 106     @classmethod
 107     def supports(cls, info_dict):
 108         return all((
 109             not info_dict.get('to_stdout') or Features.TO_STDOUT in cls.SUPPORTED_FEATURES,
 110             '+' not in info_dict['protocol'] or Features.MULTIPLE_FORMATS in cls.SUPPORTED_FEATURES,
 111             not traverse_obj(info_dict, ('hls_aes', ...), 'extra_param_to_segment_url', 'extra_param_to_key_url'),
 112             all(proto in cls.SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS for proto in info_dict['protocol'].split('+')),
 113         ))
 114
 115     @classmethod
 116     def can_download(cls, info_dict, path=None):
 117         return cls.available(path) and cls.supports(info_dict)
 118
 119     def _option(self, command_option, param):
 120         return cli_option(self.params, command_option, param)
 121
 122     def _bool_option(self, command_option, param, true_value='true', false_value='false', separator=None):
 123         return cli_bool_option(self.params, command_option, param, true_value, false_value, separator)
 124
 125     def _valueless_option(self, command_option, param, expected_value=True):
 126         return cli_valueless_option(self.params, command_option, param, expected_value)
 127
 128     def _configuration_args(self, keys=None, *args, **kwargs):
 129         return _configuration_args(
 130             self.get_basename(), self.params.get('external_downloader_args'), self.EXE_NAME,
 131             keys, *args, **kwargs)
 132
 133     def _write_cookies(self):
 134         if not self.ydl.cookiejar.filename:
 135             tmp_cookies = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.cookies', delete=False)
 136             tmp_cookies.close()
 137             self._cookies_tempfile = tmp_cookies.name
 138             self.to_screen(f'[download] Writing temporary cookies file to "{self._cookies_tempfile}"')
 139         # real_download resets _cookies_tempfile; if it's None then save() will write to cookiejar.filename
 140         self.ydl.cookiejar.save(self._cookies_tempfile)
 141         return self.ydl.cookiejar.filename or self._cookies_tempfile
 142
 143     def _call_downloader(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 144         """ Either overwrite this or implement _make_cmd """
 145         cmd = [encodeArgument(a) for a in self._make_cmd(tmpfilename, info_dict)]
 146
 147         self._debug_cmd(cmd)
 148
 149         if 'fragments' not in info_dict:
 150             _, stderr, returncode = self._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
 151             if returncode and stderr:
 152                 self.to_stderr(stderr)
 153             return returncode
 154
 155         skip_unavailable_fragments = self.params.get('skip_unavailable_fragments', True)
 156
 157         retry_manager = RetryManager(self.params.get('fragment_retries'), self.report_retry,
 158                                      frag_index=None, fatal=not skip_unavailable_fragments)
 159         for retry in retry_manager:
 160             _, stderr, returncode = self._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
 161             if not returncode:
 162                 break
 163             # TODO: Decide whether to retry based on error code
 164             # https://aria2.github.io/manual/en/html/aria2c.html#exit-status
 165             if stderr:
 166                 self.to_stderr(stderr)
 167             retry.error = Exception()
 168             continue
 169         if not skip_unavailable_fragments and retry_manager.error:
 170             return -1
 171
 172         decrypt_fragment = self.decrypter(info_dict)
 173         dest, _ = self.sanitize_open(tmpfilename, 'wb')
 174         for frag_index, fragment in enumerate(info_dict['fragments']):
 175             fragment_filename = f'{tmpfilename}-Frag{frag_index}'
 176             try:
 177                 src, _ = self.sanitize_open(fragment_filename, 'rb')
 178             except OSError as err:
 179                 if skip_unavailable_fragments and frag_index > 1:
 180                     self.report_skip_fragment(frag_index, err)
 181                     continue
 182                 self.report_error(f'Unable to open fragment {frag_index}; {err}')
 183                 return -1
 184             dest.write(decrypt_fragment(fragment, src.read()))
 185             src.close()
 186             if not self.params.get('keep_fragments', False):
 187                 self.try_remove(encodeFilename(fragment_filename))
 188         dest.close()
 189         self.try_remove(encodeFilename(f'{tmpfilename}.frag.urls'))
 190         return 0
 191
 192     def _call_process(self, cmd, info_dict):
 193         return Popen.run(cmd, text=True, stderr=subprocess.PIPE if self._CAPTURE_STDERR else None)
 194
 195
 196 class CurlFD(ExternalFD):
 197     AVAILABLE_OPT = '-V'
 198     _CAPTURE_STDERR = False  # curl writes the progress to stderr
 199
 200     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 201         cmd = [self.exe, '--location', '-o', tmpfilename, '--compressed']
 202         cookie_header = self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url'])
 203         if cookie_header:
 204             cmd += ['--cookie', cookie_header]
 205         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 206             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 207                 cmd += ['--header', f'{key}: {val}']
 208
 209         cmd += self._bool_option('--continue-at', 'continuedl', '-', '0')
 210         cmd += self._valueless_option('--silent', 'noprogress')
 211         cmd += self._valueless_option('--verbose', 'verbose')
 212         cmd += self._option('--limit-rate', 'ratelimit')
 213         retry = self._option('--retry', 'retries')
 214         if len(retry) == 2:
 215             if retry[1] in ('inf', 'infinite'):
 216                 retry[1] = '2147483647'
 217             cmd += retry
 218         cmd += self._option('--max-filesize', 'max_filesize')
 219         cmd += self._option('--interface', 'source_address')
 220         cmd += self._option('--proxy', 'proxy')
 221         cmd += self._valueless_option('--insecure', 'nocheckcertificate')
 222         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 223         cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
 224         return cmd
 225
 226
 227 class AxelFD(ExternalFD):
 228     AVAILABLE_OPT = '-V'
 229
 230     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 231         cmd = [self.exe, '-o', tmpfilename]
 232         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 233             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 234                 cmd += ['-H', f'{key}: {val}']
 235         cookie_header = self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url'])
 236         if cookie_header:
 237             cmd += ['-H', f'Cookie: {cookie_header}', '--max-redirect=0']
 238         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 239         cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
 240         return cmd
 241
 242
 243 class WgetFD(ExternalFD):
 244     AVAILABLE_OPT = '--version'
 245
 246     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 247         cmd = [self.exe, '-O', tmpfilename, '-nv', '--compression=auto']
 248         if self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url']):
 249             cmd += ['--load-cookies', self._write_cookies()]
 250         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 251             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 252                 cmd += ['--header', f'{key}: {val}']
 253         cmd += self._option('--limit-rate', 'ratelimit')
 254         retry = self._option('--tries', 'retries')
 255         if len(retry) == 2:
 256             if retry[1] in ('inf', 'infinite'):
 257                 retry[1] = '0'
 258             cmd += retry
 259         cmd += self._option('--bind-address', 'source_address')
 260         proxy = self.params.get('proxy')
 261         if proxy:
 262             for var in ('http_proxy', 'https_proxy'):
 263                 cmd += ['--execute', f'{var}={proxy}']
 264         cmd += self._valueless_option('--no-check-certificate', 'nocheckcertificate')
 265         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 266         cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
 267         return cmd
 268
 269
 270 class Aria2cFD(ExternalFD):
 271     AVAILABLE_OPT = '-v'
 272     SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS = ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'ftps', 'dash_frag_urls', 'm3u8_frag_urls')
 273
 274     @staticmethod
 275     def supports_manifest(manifest):
 276         UNSUPPORTED_FEATURES = [
 277             r'#EXT-X-BYTERANGE',  # playlists composed of byte ranges of media files [1]
 278             # 1. https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming-17#section-4.3.2.2
 279         ]
 280         check_results = (not re.search(feature, manifest) for feature in UNSUPPORTED_FEATURES)
 281         return all(check_results)
 282
 283     @staticmethod
 284     def _aria2c_filename(fn):
 285         return fn if os.path.isabs(fn) else f'.{os.path.sep}{fn}'
 286
 287     def _call_downloader(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 288         # FIXME: Disabled due to https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/5931
 289         if False and 'no-external-downloader-progress' not in self.params.get('compat_opts', []):
 290             info_dict['__rpc'] = {
 291                 'port': find_available_port() or 19190,
 292                 'secret': str(uuid.uuid4()),
 293             }
 294         return super()._call_downloader(tmpfilename, info_dict)
 295
 296     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 297         cmd = [self.exe, '-c', '--no-conf',
 298                '--console-log-level=warn', '--summary-interval=0', '--download-result=hide',
 299                '--http-accept-gzip=true', '--file-allocation=none', '-x16', '-j16', '-s16']
 300         if 'fragments' in info_dict:
 301             cmd += ['--allow-overwrite=true', '--allow-piece-length-change=true']
 302         else:
 303             cmd += ['--min-split-size', '1M']
 304
 305         if self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url']):
 306             cmd += [f'--load-cookies={self._write_cookies()}']
 307         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 308             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 309                 cmd += ['--header', f'{key}: {val}']
 310         cmd += self._option('--max-overall-download-limit', 'ratelimit')
 311         cmd += self._option('--interface', 'source_address')
 312         cmd += self._option('--all-proxy', 'proxy')
 313         cmd += self._bool_option('--check-certificate', 'nocheckcertificate', 'false', 'true', '=')
 314         cmd += self._bool_option('--remote-time', 'updatetime', 'true', 'false', '=')
 315         cmd += self._bool_option('--show-console-readout', 'noprogress', 'false', 'true', '=')
 316         cmd += self._configuration_args()
 317
 318         if '__rpc' in info_dict:
 319             cmd += [
 320                 '--enable-rpc',
 321                 f'--rpc-listen-port={info_dict["__rpc"]["port"]}',
 322                 f'--rpc-secret={info_dict["__rpc"]["secret"]}']
 323
 324         # aria2c strips out spaces from the beginning/end of filenames and paths.
 325         # We work around this issue by adding a "./" to the beginning of the
 326         # filename and relative path, and adding a "/" at the end of the path.
 327         # See: https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/276
 328         # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/20312
 329         # https://github.com/aria2/aria2/issues/1373
 330         dn = os.path.dirname(tmpfilename)
 331         if dn:
 332             cmd += ['--dir', self._aria2c_filename(dn) + os.path.sep]
 333         if 'fragments' not in info_dict:
 334             cmd += ['--out', self._aria2c_filename(os.path.basename(tmpfilename))]
 335         cmd += ['--auto-file-renaming=false']
 336
 337         if 'fragments' in info_dict:
 338             cmd += ['--uri-selector=inorder']
 339             url_list_file = f'{tmpfilename}.frag.urls'
 340             url_list = []
 341             for frag_index, fragment in enumerate(info_dict['fragments']):
 342                 fragment_filename = f'{os.path.basename(tmpfilename)}-Frag{frag_index}'
 343                 url_list.append('{}\n\tout={}'.format(fragment['url'], self._aria2c_filename(fragment_filename)))
 344             stream, _ = self.sanitize_open(url_list_file, 'wb')
 345             stream.write('\n'.join(url_list).encode())
 346             stream.close()
 347             cmd += ['-i', self._aria2c_filename(url_list_file)]
 348         else:
 349             cmd += ['--', info_dict['url']]
 350         return cmd
 351
 352     def aria2c_rpc(self, rpc_port, rpc_secret, method, params=()):
 353         # Does not actually need to be UUID, just unique
 354         sanitycheck = str(uuid.uuid4())
 355         d = json.dumps({
 356             'jsonrpc': '2.0',
 357             'id': sanitycheck,
 358             'method': method,
 359             'params': [f'token:{rpc_secret}', *params],
 360         }).encode()
 361         request = Request(
 362             f'http://localhost:{rpc_port}/jsonrpc',
 363             data=d, headers={
 364                 'Content-Type': 'application/json',
 365                 'Content-Length': f'{len(d)}',
 366             }, proxies={'all': None})
 367         with self.ydl.urlopen(request) as r:
 368             resp = json.load(r)
 369         assert resp.get('id') == sanitycheck, 'Something went wrong with RPC server'
 370         return resp['result']
 371
 372     def _call_process(self, cmd, info_dict):
 373         if '__rpc' not in info_dict:
 374             return super()._call_process(cmd, info_dict)
 375
 376         send_rpc = functools.partial(self.aria2c_rpc, info_dict['__rpc']['port'], info_dict['__rpc']['secret'])
 377         started = time.time()
 378
 379         fragmented = 'fragments' in info_dict
 380         frag_count = len(info_dict['fragments']) if fragmented else 1
 381         status = {
 382             'filename': info_dict.get('_filename'),
 383             'status': 'downloading',
 384             'elapsed': 0,
 385             'downloaded_bytes': 0,
 386             'fragment_count': frag_count if fragmented else None,
 387             'fragment_index': 0 if fragmented else None,
 388         }
 389         self._hook_progress(status, info_dict)
 390
 391         def get_stat(key, *obj, average=False):
 392             val = tuple(filter(None, map(float, traverse_obj(obj, (..., ..., key))))) or [0]
 393             return sum(val) / (len(val) if average else 1)
 394
 395         with Popen(cmd, text=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) as p:
 396             # Add a small sleep so that RPC client can receive response,
 397             # or the connection stalls infinitely
 398             time.sleep(0.2)
 399             retval = p.poll()
 400             while retval is None:
 401                 # We don't use tellStatus as we won't know the GID without reading stdout
 402                 # Ref: https://aria2.github.io/manual/en/html/aria2c.html#aria2.tellActive
 403                 active = send_rpc('aria2.tellActive')
 404                 completed = send_rpc('aria2.tellStopped', [0, frag_count])
 405
 406                 downloaded = get_stat('totalLength', completed) + get_stat('completedLength', active)
 407                 speed = get_stat('downloadSpeed', active)
 408                 total = frag_count * get_stat('totalLength', active, completed, average=True)
 409                 if total < downloaded:
 410                     total = None
 411
 412                 status.update({
 413                     'downloaded_bytes': int(downloaded),
 414                     'speed': speed,
 415                     'total_bytes': None if fragmented else total,
 416                     'total_bytes_estimate': total,
 417                     'eta': (total - downloaded) / (speed or 1),
 418                     'fragment_index': min(frag_count, len(completed) + 1) if fragmented else None,
 419                     'elapsed': time.time() - started,
 420                 })
 421                 self._hook_progress(status, info_dict)
 422
 423                 if not active and len(completed) >= frag_count:
 424                     send_rpc('aria2.shutdown')
 425                     retval = p.wait()
 426                     break
 427
 428                 time.sleep(0.1)
 429                 retval = p.poll()
 430
 431             return '', p.stderr.read(), retval
 432
 433
 434 class HttpieFD(ExternalFD):
 435     AVAILABLE_OPT = '--version'
 436     EXE_NAME = 'http'
 437
 438     def _make_cmd(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 439         cmd = ['http', '--download', '--output', tmpfilename, info_dict['url']]
 440
 441         if info_dict.get('http_headers') is not None:
 442             for key, val in info_dict['http_headers'].items():
 443                 cmd += [f'{key}:{val}']
 444
 445         # httpie 3.1.0+ removes the Cookie header on redirect, so this should be safe for now. [1]
 446         # If we ever need cookie handling for redirects, we can export the cookiejar into a session. [2]
 447         # 1: https://github.com/httpie/httpie/security/advisories/GHSA-9w4w-cpc8-h2fq
 448         # 2: https://httpie.io/docs/cli/sessions
 449         cookie_header = self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookie_header(info_dict['url'])
 450         if cookie_header:
 451             cmd += [f'Cookie:{cookie_header}']
 452         return cmd
 453
 454
 455 class FFmpegFD(ExternalFD):
 456     SUPPORTED_PROTOCOLS = ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'ftps', 'm3u8', 'm3u8_native', 'rtsp', 'rtmp', 'rtmp_ffmpeg', 'mms', 'http_dash_segments')
 457     SUPPORTED_FEATURES = (Features.TO_STDOUT, Features.MULTIPLE_FORMATS)
 458
 459     @classmethod
 460     def available(cls, path=None):
 461         # TODO: Fix path for ffmpeg
 462         # Fixme: This may be wrong when --ffmpeg-location is used
 463         return FFmpegPostProcessor().available
 464
 465     def on_process_started(self, proc, stdin):
 466         """ Override this in subclasses  """
 467         pass
 468
 469     @classmethod
 470     def can_merge_formats(cls, info_dict, params):
 471         return (
 472             info_dict.get('requested_formats')
 473             and info_dict.get('protocol')
 474             and not params.get('allow_unplayable_formats')
 475             and 'no-direct-merge' not in params.get('compat_opts', [])
 476             and cls.can_download(info_dict))
 477
 478     def _call_downloader(self, tmpfilename, info_dict):
 479         ffpp = FFmpegPostProcessor(downloader=self)
 480         if not ffpp.available:
 481             self.report_error('m3u8 download detected but ffmpeg could not be found. Please install')
 482             return False
 483         ffpp.check_version()
 484
 485         args = [ffpp.executable, '-y']
 486
 487         for log_level in ('quiet', 'verbose'):
 488             if self.params.get(log_level, False):
 489                 args += ['-loglevel', log_level]
 490                 break
 491         if not self.params.get('verbose'):
 492             args += ['-hide_banner']
 493
 494         args += traverse_obj(info_dict, ('downloader_options', 'ffmpeg_args', ...))
 495
 496         # These exists only for compatibility. Extractors should use
 497         # info_dict['downloader_options']['ffmpeg_args'] instead
 498         args += info_dict.get('_ffmpeg_args') or []
 499         seekable = info_dict.get('_seekable')
 500         if seekable is not None:
 501             # setting -seekable prevents ffmpeg from guessing if the server
 502             # supports seeking(by adding the header `Range: bytes=0-`), which
 503             # can cause problems in some cases
 504             # https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/11800#issuecomment-275037127
 505             # http://trac.ffmpeg.org/ticket/6125#comment:10
 506             args += ['-seekable', '1' if seekable else '0']
 507
 508         env = None
 509         proxy = self.params.get('proxy')
 510         if proxy:
 511             if not re.match(r'^[\da-zA-Z]+://', proxy):
 512                 proxy = f'http://{proxy}'
 513
 514             if proxy.startswith('socks'):
 515                 self.report_warning(
 516                     f'{self.get_basename()} does not support SOCKS proxies. Downloading is likely to fail. '
 517                     'Consider adding --hls-prefer-native to your command.')
 518
 519             # Since December 2015 ffmpeg supports -http_proxy option (see
 520             # http://git.videolan.org/?p=ffmpeg.git;a=commit;h=b4eb1f29ebddd60c41a2eb39f5af701e38e0d3fd)
 521             # We could switch to the following code if we are able to detect version properly
 522             # args += ['-http_proxy', proxy]
 523             env = os.environ.copy()
 524             env['HTTP_PROXY'] = proxy
 525             env['http_proxy'] = proxy
 526
 527         protocol = info_dict.get('protocol')
 528
 529         if protocol == 'rtmp':
 530             player_url = info_dict.get('player_url')
 531             page_url = info_dict.get('page_url')
 532             app = info_dict.get('app')
 533             play_path = info_dict.get('play_path')
 534             tc_url = info_dict.get('tc_url')
 535             flash_version = info_dict.get('flash_version')
 536             live = info_dict.get('rtmp_live', False)
 537             conn = info_dict.get('rtmp_conn')
 538             if player_url is not None:
 539                 args += ['-rtmp_swfverify', player_url]
 540             if page_url is not None:
 541                 args += ['-rtmp_pageurl', page_url]
 542             if app is not None:
 543                 args += ['-rtmp_app', app]
 544             if play_path is not None:
 545                 args += ['-rtmp_playpath', play_path]
 546             if tc_url is not None:
 547                 args += ['-rtmp_tcurl', tc_url]
 548             if flash_version is not None:
 549                 args += ['-rtmp_flashver', flash_version]
 550             if live:
 551                 args += ['-rtmp_live', 'live']
 552             if isinstance(conn, list):
 553                 for entry in conn:
 554                     args += ['-rtmp_conn', entry]
 555             elif isinstance(conn, str):
 556                 args += ['-rtmp_conn', conn]
 557
 558         start_time, end_time = info_dict.get('section_start') or 0, info_dict.get('section_end')
 559
 560         selected_formats = info_dict.get('requested_formats') or [info_dict]
 561         for i, fmt in enumerate(selected_formats):
 562             is_http = re.match(r'^https?://', fmt['url'])
 563             cookies = self.ydl.cookiejar.get_cookies_for_url(fmt['url']) if is_http else []
 564             if cookies:
 565                 args.extend(['-cookies', ''.join(
 566                     f'{cookie.name}={cookie.value}; path={cookie.path}; domain={cookie.domain};\r\n'
 567                     for cookie in cookies)])
 568             if fmt.get('http_headers') and is_http:
 569                 # Trailing \r\n after each HTTP header is important to prevent warning from ffmpeg/avconv:
 570                 # [http @ 00000000003d2fa0] No trailing CRLF found in HTTP header.
 571                 args.extend(['-headers', ''.join(f'{key}: {val}\r\n' for key, val in fmt['http_headers'].items())])
 572
 573             if start_time:
 574                 args += ['-ss', str(start_time)]
 575             if end_time:
 576                 args += ['-t', str(end_time - start_time)]
 577
 578             args += [*self._configuration_args((f'_i{i + 1}', '_i')), '-i', fmt['url']]
 579
 580         if not (start_time or end_time) or not self.params.get('force_keyframes_at_cuts'):
 581             args += ['-c', 'copy']
 582
 583         if info_dict.get('requested_formats') or protocol == 'http_dash_segments':
 584             for i, fmt in enumerate(selected_formats):
 585                 stream_number = fmt.get('manifest_stream_number', 0)
 586                 args.extend(['-map', f'{i}:{stream_number}'])
 587
 588         if self.params.get('test', False):
 589             args += ['-fs', str(self._TEST_FILE_SIZE)]
 590
 591         ext = info_dict['ext']
 592         if protocol in ('m3u8', 'm3u8_native'):
 593             use_mpegts = (tmpfilename == '-') or self.params.get('hls_use_mpegts')
 594             if use_mpegts is None:
 595                 use_mpegts = info_dict.get('is_live')
 596             if use_mpegts:
 597                 args += ['-f', 'mpegts']
 598             else:
 599                 args += ['-f', 'mp4']
 600                 if (ffpp.basename == 'ffmpeg' and ffpp._features.get('needs_adtstoasc')) and (not info_dict.get('acodec') or info_dict['acodec'].split('.')[0] in ('aac', 'mp4a')):
 601                     args += ['-bsf:a', 'aac_adtstoasc']
 602         elif protocol == 'rtmp':
 603             args += ['-f', 'flv']
 604         elif ext == 'mp4' and tmpfilename == '-':
 605             args += ['-f', 'mpegts']
 606         elif ext == 'unknown_video':
 607             ext = determine_ext(remove_end(tmpfilename, '.part'))
 608             if ext == 'unknown_video':
 609                 self.report_warning(
 610                     'The video format is unknown and cannot be downloaded by ffmpeg. '
 611                     'Explicitly set the extension in the filename to attempt download in that format')
 612             else:
 613                 self.report_warning(f'The video format is unknown. Trying to download as {ext} according to the filename')
 614                 args += ['-f', EXT_TO_OUT_FORMATS.get(ext, ext)]
 615         else:
 616             args += ['-f', EXT_TO_OUT_FORMATS.get(ext, ext)]
 617
 618         args += traverse_obj(info_dict, ('downloader_options', 'ffmpeg_args_out', ...))
 619
 620         args += self._configuration_args(('_o1', '_o', ''))
 621
 622         args = [encodeArgument(opt) for opt in args]
 623         args.append(encodeFilename(ffpp._ffmpeg_filename_argument(tmpfilename), True))
 624         self._debug_cmd(args)
 625
 626         piped = any(fmt['url'] in ('-', 'pipe:') for fmt in selected_formats)
 627         with Popen(args, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, env=env) as proc:
 628             if piped:
 629                 self.on_process_started(proc, proc.stdin)
 630             try:
 631                 retval = proc.wait()
 632             except BaseException as e:
 633                 # subprocces.run would send the SIGKILL signal to ffmpeg and the
 634                 # mp4 file couldn't be played, but if we ask ffmpeg to quit it
 635                 # produces a file that is playable (this is mostly useful for live
 636                 # streams). Note that Windows is not affected and produces playable
 637                 # files (see https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/8300).
 638                 if isinstance(e, KeyboardInterrupt) and sys.platform != 'win32' and not piped:
 639                     proc.communicate_or_kill(b'q')
 640                 else:
 641                     proc.kill(timeout=None)
 642                 raise
 643             return retval
 644
 645
 646 class AVconvFD(FFmpegFD):
 647     pass
 648
 649
 650 _BY_NAME = {
 651     klass.get_basename(): klass
 652     for name, klass in globals().items()
 653     if name.endswith('FD') and name not in ('ExternalFD', 'FragmentFD')
 654 }
 655
 656
 657 def list_external_downloaders():
 658     return sorted(_BY_NAME.keys())
 659
 660
 661 def get_external_downloader(external_downloader):
 662     """ Given the name of the executable, see whether we support the given downloader """
 663     bn = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(external_downloader))[0]
 664     return _BY_NAME.get(bn) or next((
 665         klass for klass in _BY_NAME.values() if klass.EXE_NAME in bn
 666     ), None)