1 This driver is for Compaq's SMART Array Controllers.
6 This driver is known to work with the following cards:
15 * SA 6400 U320 Expansion Module
33 Detecting drive failures:
34 -------------------------
36 To get the status of logical volumes and to detect physical drive
37 failures, you can use the cciss_vol_status program found here:
38 http://cciss.sourceforge.net/#cciss_utils
43 If nodes are not already created in the /dev/cciss directory, run as root:
48 You need some entries in /dev for the cciss device. The MAKEDEV script
49 can make device nodes for you automatically. Currently the device setup
63 b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
64 |----+----| |----+----|
66 | +-------- Partition ID (0=wholedev, 1-15 partition)
68 +-------------------- Logical Volume number
70 The device naming scheme is:
71 /dev/cciss/c0d0 Controller 0, disk 0, whole device
72 /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 Controller 0, disk 0, partition 1
73 /dev/cciss/c0d0p2 Controller 0, disk 0, partition 2
74 /dev/cciss/c0d0p3 Controller 0, disk 0, partition 3
76 /dev/cciss/c1d1 Controller 1, disk 1, whole device
77 /dev/cciss/c1d1p1 Controller 1, disk 1, partition 1
78 /dev/cciss/c1d1p2 Controller 1, disk 1, partition 2
79 /dev/cciss/c1d1p3 Controller 1, disk 1, partition 3
81 SCSI tape drive and medium changer support
82 ------------------------------------------
84 SCSI sequential access devices and medium changer devices are supported and
85 appropriate device nodes are automatically created. (e.g.
86 /dev/st0, /dev/st1, etc. See the "st" man page for more details.)
87 You must enable "SCSI tape drive support for Smart Array 5xxx" and
88 "SCSI support" in your kernel configuration to be able to use SCSI
89 tape drives with your Smart Array 5xxx controller.
91 Additionally, note that the driver will not engage the SCSI core at init
92 time. The driver must be directed to dynamically engage the SCSI core via
93 the /proc filesystem entry which the "block" side of the driver creates as
94 /proc/driver/cciss/cciss* at runtime. This is because at driver init time,
95 the SCSI core may not yet be initialized (because the driver is a block
96 driver) and attempting to register it with the SCSI core in such a case
97 would cause a hang. This is best done via an initialization script
98 (typically in /etc/init.d, but could vary depending on distribution).
101 for x in /proc/driver/cciss/cciss[0-9]*
103 echo "engage scsi" > $x
106 Once the SCSI core is engaged by the driver, it cannot be disengaged
107 (except by unloading the driver, if it happens to be linked as a module.)
109 Note also that if no sequential access devices or medium changers are
110 detected, the SCSI core will not be engaged by the action of the above
113 Hot plug support for SCSI tape drives
114 -------------------------------------
116 Hot plugging of SCSI tape drives is supported, with some caveats.
117 The cciss driver must be informed that changes to the SCSI bus
118 have been made. This may be done via the /proc filesystem.
121 echo "rescan" > /proc/scsi/cciss0/1
123 This causes the driver to query the adapter about changes to the
124 physical SCSI buses and/or fibre channel arbitrated loop and the
125 driver to make note of any new or removed sequential access devices
126 or medium changers. The driver will output messages indicating what
127 devices have been added or removed and the controller, bus, target and
128 lun used to address the device. It then notifies the SCSI mid layer
131 Note that the naming convention of the /proc filesystem entries
132 contains a number in addition to the driver name. (E.g. "cciss0"
133 instead of just "cciss" which you might expect.)
135 Note: ONLY sequential access devices and medium changers are presented
136 as SCSI devices to the SCSI mid layer by the cciss driver. Specifically,
137 physical SCSI disk drives are NOT presented to the SCSI mid layer. The
138 physical SCSI disk drives are controlled directly by the array controller
139 hardware and it is important to prevent the kernel from attempting to directly
140 access these devices too, as if the array controller were merely a SCSI
141 controller in the same way that we are allowing it to access SCSI tape drives.
143 SCSI error handling for tape drives and medium changers
144 -------------------------------------------------------
146 The linux SCSI mid layer provides an error handling protocol which
147 kicks into gear whenever a SCSI command fails to complete within a
148 certain amount of time (which can vary depending on the command).
149 The cciss driver participates in this protocol to some extent. The
150 normal protocol is a four step process. First the device is told
151 to abort the command. If that doesn't work, the device is reset.
152 If that doesn't work, the SCSI bus is reset. If that doesn't work
153 the host bus adapter is reset. Because the cciss driver is a block
154 driver as well as a SCSI driver and only the tape drives and medium
155 changers are presented to the SCSI mid layer, and unlike more
156 straightforward SCSI drivers, disk i/o continues through the block
157 side during the SCSI error recovery process, the cciss driver only
158 implements the first two of these actions, aborting the command, and
159 resetting the device. Additionally, most tape drives will not oblige
160 in aborting commands, and sometimes it appears they will not even
161 obey a reset command, though in most circumstances they will. In
162 the case that the command cannot be aborted and the device cannot be
163 reset, the device will be set offline.
165 In the event the error handling code is triggered and a tape drive is
166 successfully reset or the tardy command is successfully aborted, the
167 tape drive may still not allow i/o to continue until some command
168 is issued which positions the tape to a known position. Typically you
169 must rewind the tape (by issuing "mt -f /dev/st0 rewind" for example)
170 before i/o can proceed again to a tape drive which was reset.
172 There is a cciss_tape_cmds module parameter which can be used to make cciss
173 allocate more commands for use by tape drives. Ordinarily only a few commands
174 (6) are allocated for tape drives because tape drives are slow and
175 infrequently used and the primary purpose of Smart Array controllers is to
176 act as a RAID controller for disk drives, so the vast majority of commands
177 are allocated for disk devices. However, if you have more than a few tape
178 drives attached to a smart array, the default number of commands may not be
179 enought (for example, if you have 8 tape drives, you could only rewind 6
180 at one time with the default number of commands.) The cciss_tape_cmds module
181 parameter allows more commands (up to 16 more) to be allocated for use by
182 tape drives. For example:
184 insmod cciss.ko cciss_tape_cmds=16
186 Or, as a kernel boot parameter passed in via grub: cciss.cciss_tape_cmds=8