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10 .\" See the License for the specific language governing permissions
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15 .\" If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
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21 .\" Copyright (c) 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
22 .\" Copyright 2011 Joshua M. Clulow <josh@sysmgr.org>
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24 .\" Copyright (c) 2013 by Saso Kiselkov. All rights reserved.
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30 .\" Copyright 2019 Joyent, Inc.
38 .Nd create snapshots of ZFS datasets
43 .Oo Fl o Ar property Ns = Ns Ar value Oc Ns …
44 .Ar dataset Ns @ Ns Ar snapname Ns …
47 Creates a snapshot of a dataset or multiple snapshots of different
50 Snapshots are created atomically.
51 That is, a snapshot is a consistent image of a dataset at a specific
52 point in time; it includes all modifications to the dataset made by
53 system calls that have successfully completed before that point in time.
54 Recursive snapshots created through the
56 option are all created at the same time.
59 can be used as an alias for
68 .It Fl o Ar property Ns = Ns Ar value
69 Set the specified property; see
73 Recursively create snapshots of all descendent datasets
77 .\" These are, respectively, examples 2, 3, 10, 15 from zfs.8
78 .\" Make sure to update them bidirectionally
79 .Ss Example 1 : No Creating a ZFS Snapshot
80 The following command creates a snapshot named
82 This snapshot is mounted on demand in the
84 directory at the root of the
87 .Dl # Nm zfs Cm snapshot Ar pool/home/bob Ns @ Ns Ar yesterday
89 .Ss Example 2 : No Creating and Destroying Multiple Snapshots
90 The following command creates snapshots named
91 .Ar yesterday No of Ar pool/home
92 and all of its descendent file systems.
93 Each snapshot is mounted on demand in the
95 directory at the root of its file system.
96 The second command destroys the newly created snapshots.
97 .Dl # Nm zfs Cm snapshot Fl r Ar pool/home Ns @ Ns Ar yesterday
98 .Dl # Nm zfs Cm destroy Fl r Ar pool/home Ns @ Ns Ar yesterday
100 .Ss Example 3 : No Promoting a ZFS Clone
101 The following commands illustrate how to test out changes to a file system, and
102 then replace the original file system with the changed one, using clones, clone
103 promotion, and renaming:
104 .Bd -literal -compact -offset Ds
105 .No # Nm zfs Cm create Ar pool/project/production
106 populate /pool/project/production with data
107 .No # Nm zfs Cm snapshot Ar pool/project/production Ns @ Ns Ar today
108 .No # Nm zfs Cm clone Ar pool/project/production@today pool/project/beta
109 make changes to /pool/project/beta and test them
110 .No # Nm zfs Cm promote Ar pool/project/beta
111 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Ar pool/project/production pool/project/legacy
112 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Ar pool/project/beta pool/project/production
113 once the legacy version is no longer needed, it can be destroyed
114 .No # Nm zfs Cm destroy Ar pool/project/legacy
117 .Ss Example 4 : No Performing a Rolling Snapshot
118 The following example shows how to maintain a history of snapshots with a
119 consistent naming scheme.
120 To keep a week's worth of snapshots, the user destroys the oldest snapshot,
121 renames the remaining snapshots, and then creates a new snapshot, as follows:
122 .Bd -literal -compact -offset Ds
123 .No # Nm zfs Cm destroy Fl r Ar pool/users@7daysago
124 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Fl r Ar pool/users@6daysago No @ Ns Ar 7daysago
125 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Fl r Ar pool/users@5daysago No @ Ns Ar 6daysago
126 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Fl r Ar pool/users@4daysago No @ Ns Ar 5daysago
127 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Fl r Ar pool/users@3daysago No @ Ns Ar 4daysago
128 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Fl r Ar pool/users@2daysago No @ Ns Ar 3daysago
129 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Fl r Ar pool/users@yesterday No @ Ns Ar 2daysago
130 .No # Nm zfs Cm rename Fl r Ar pool/users@today No @ Ns Ar yesterday
131 .No # Nm zfs Cm snapshot Fl r Ar pool/users Ns @ Ns Ar today