1 /* BFD support for handling relocation entries.
2 Copyright (C) 1990, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 1998
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 Written by Cygnus Support.
6 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
8 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 GNU General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
26 BFD maintains relocations in much the same way it maintains
27 symbols: they are left alone until required, then read in
28 en-mass and translated into an internal form. A common
29 routine <<bfd_perform_relocation>> acts upon the
30 canonical form to do the fixup.
32 Relocations are maintained on a per section basis,
33 while symbols are maintained on a per BFD basis.
35 All that a back end has to do to fit the BFD interface is to create
36 a <<struct reloc_cache_entry>> for each relocation
37 in a particular section, and fill in the right bits of the structures.
46 /* DO compile in the reloc_code name table from libbfd.h. */
47 #define _BFD_MAKE_TABLE_bfd_reloc_code_real
56 typedef arelent, howto manager, Relocations, Relocations
61 This is the structure of a relocation entry:
65 .typedef enum bfd_reloc_status
67 . {* No errors detected *}
70 . {* The relocation was performed, but there was an overflow. *}
73 . {* The address to relocate was not within the section supplied. *}
74 . bfd_reloc_outofrange,
76 . {* Used by special functions *}
79 . {* Unsupported relocation size requested. *}
80 . bfd_reloc_notsupported,
85 . {* The symbol to relocate against was undefined. *}
86 . bfd_reloc_undefined,
88 . {* The relocation was performed, but may not be ok - presently
89 . generated only when linking i960 coff files with i960 b.out
90 . symbols. If this type is returned, the error_message argument
91 . to bfd_perform_relocation will be set. *}
94 . bfd_reloc_status_type;
97 .typedef struct reloc_cache_entry
99 . {* A pointer into the canonical table of pointers *}
100 . struct symbol_cache_entry **sym_ptr_ptr;
102 . {* offset in section *}
103 . bfd_size_type address;
105 . {* addend for relocation value *}
108 . {* Pointer to how to perform the required relocation *}
109 . reloc_howto_type *howto;
118 Here is a description of each of the fields within an <<arelent>>:
122 The symbol table pointer points to a pointer to the symbol
123 associated with the relocation request. It is
124 the pointer into the table returned by the back end's
125 <<get_symtab>> action. @xref{Symbols}. The symbol is referenced
126 through a pointer to a pointer so that tools like the linker
127 can fix up all the symbols of the same name by modifying only
128 one pointer. The relocation routine looks in the symbol and
129 uses the base of the section the symbol is attached to and the
130 value of the symbol as the initial relocation offset. If the
131 symbol pointer is zero, then the section provided is looked up.
135 The <<address>> field gives the offset in bytes from the base of
136 the section data which owns the relocation record to the first
137 byte of relocatable information. The actual data relocated
138 will be relative to this point; for example, a relocation
139 type which modifies the bottom two bytes of a four byte word
140 would not touch the first byte pointed to in a big endian
145 The <<addend>> is a value provided by the back end to be added (!)
146 to the relocation offset. Its interpretation is dependent upon
147 the howto. For example, on the 68k the code:
153 | return foo[0x12345678];
156 Could be compiled into:
159 | moveb @@#12345678,d0
165 This could create a reloc pointing to <<foo>>, but leave the
166 offset in the data, something like:
169 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
173 |00000000 4e56 fffc ; linkw fp,#-4
174 |00000004 1039 1234 5678 ; moveb @@#12345678,d0
175 |0000000a 49c0 ; extbl d0
176 |0000000c 4e5e ; unlk fp
180 Using coff and an 88k, some instructions don't have enough
181 space in them to represent the full address range, and
182 pointers have to be loaded in two parts. So you'd get something like:
185 | or.u r13,r0,hi16(_foo+0x12345678)
186 | ld.b r2,r13,lo16(_foo+0x12345678)
190 This should create two relocs, both pointing to <<_foo>>, and with
191 0x12340000 in their addend field. The data would consist of:
194 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
196 |00000002 HVRT16 _foo+0x12340000
197 |00000006 LVRT16 _foo+0x12340000
199 |00000000 5da05678 ; or.u r13,r0,0x5678
200 |00000004 1c4d5678 ; ld.b r2,r13,0x5678
201 |00000008 f400c001 ; jmp r1
204 The relocation routine digs out the value from the data, adds
205 it to the addend to get the original offset, and then adds the
206 value of <<_foo>>. Note that all 32 bits have to be kept around
207 somewhere, to cope with carry from bit 15 to bit 16.
209 One further example is the sparc and the a.out format. The
210 sparc has a similar problem to the 88k, in that some
211 instructions don't have room for an entire offset, but on the
212 sparc the parts are created in odd sized lumps. The designers of
213 the a.out format chose to not use the data within the section
214 for storing part of the offset; all the offset is kept within
215 the reloc. Anything in the data should be ignored.
218 | sethi %hi(_foo+0x12345678),%g2
219 | ldsb [%g2+%lo(_foo+0x12345678)],%i0
223 Both relocs contain a pointer to <<foo>>, and the offsets
227 |RELOCATION RECORDS FOR [.text]:
229 |00000004 HI22 _foo+0x12345678
230 |00000008 LO10 _foo+0x12345678
232 |00000000 9de3bf90 ; save %sp,-112,%sp
233 |00000004 05000000 ; sethi %hi(_foo+0),%g2
234 |00000008 f048a000 ; ldsb [%g2+%lo(_foo+0)],%i0
235 |0000000c 81c7e008 ; ret
236 |00000010 81e80000 ; restore
241 The <<howto>> field can be imagined as a
242 relocation instruction. It is a pointer to a structure which
243 contains information on what to do with all of the other
244 information in the reloc record and data section. A back end
245 would normally have a relocation instruction set and turn
246 relocations into pointers to the correct structure on input -
247 but it would be possible to create each howto field on demand.
253 <<enum complain_overflow>>
255 Indicates what sort of overflow checking should be done when
256 performing a relocation.
260 .enum complain_overflow
262 . {* Do not complain on overflow. *}
263 . complain_overflow_dont,
265 . {* Complain if the bitfield overflows, whether it is considered
266 . as signed or unsigned. *}
267 . complain_overflow_bitfield,
269 . {* Complain if the value overflows when considered as signed
271 . complain_overflow_signed,
273 . {* Complain if the value overflows when considered as an
274 . unsigned number. *}
275 . complain_overflow_unsigned
284 The <<reloc_howto_type>> is a structure which contains all the
285 information that libbfd needs to know to tie up a back end's data.
288 .struct symbol_cache_entry; {* Forward declaration *}
290 .struct reloc_howto_struct
292 . {* The type field has mainly a documentary use - the back end can
293 . do what it wants with it, though normally the back end's
294 . external idea of what a reloc number is stored
295 . in this field. For example, a PC relative word relocation
296 . in a coff environment has the type 023 - because that's
297 . what the outside world calls a R_PCRWORD reloc. *}
300 . {* The value the final relocation is shifted right by. This drops
301 . unwanted data from the relocation. *}
302 . unsigned int rightshift;
304 . {* The size of the item to be relocated. This is *not* a
305 . power-of-two measure. To get the number of bytes operated
306 . on by a type of relocation, use bfd_get_reloc_size. *}
309 . {* The number of bits in the item to be relocated. This is used
310 . when doing overflow checking. *}
311 . unsigned int bitsize;
313 . {* Notes that the relocation is relative to the location in the
314 . data section of the addend. The relocation function will
315 . subtract from the relocation value the address of the location
316 . being relocated. *}
317 . boolean pc_relative;
319 . {* The bit position of the reloc value in the destination.
320 . The relocated value is left shifted by this amount. *}
321 . unsigned int bitpos;
323 . {* What type of overflow error should be checked for when
325 . enum complain_overflow complain_on_overflow;
327 . {* If this field is non null, then the supplied function is
328 . called rather than the normal function. This allows really
329 . strange relocation methods to be accomodated (e.g., i960 callj
331 . bfd_reloc_status_type (*special_function)
332 . PARAMS ((bfd *abfd,
333 . arelent *reloc_entry,
334 . struct symbol_cache_entry *symbol,
336 . asection *input_section,
338 . char **error_message));
340 . {* The textual name of the relocation type. *}
343 . {* When performing a partial link, some formats must modify the
344 . relocations rather than the data - this flag signals this.*}
345 . boolean partial_inplace;
347 . {* The src_mask selects which parts of the read in data
348 . are to be used in the relocation sum. E.g., if this was an 8 bit
349 . bit of data which we read and relocated, this would be
350 . 0x000000ff. When we have relocs which have an addend, such as
351 . sun4 extended relocs, the value in the offset part of a
352 . relocating field is garbage so we never use it. In this case
353 . the mask would be 0x00000000. *}
356 . {* The dst_mask selects which parts of the instruction are replaced
357 . into the instruction. In most cases src_mask == dst_mask,
358 . except in the above special case, where dst_mask would be
359 . 0x000000ff, and src_mask would be 0x00000000. *}
362 . {* When some formats create PC relative instructions, they leave
363 . the value of the pc of the place being relocated in the offset
364 . slot of the instruction, so that a PC relative relocation can
365 . be made just by adding in an ordinary offset (e.g., sun3 a.out).
366 . Some formats leave the displacement part of an instruction
367 . empty (e.g., m88k bcs); this flag signals the fact.*}
368 . boolean pcrel_offset;
379 The HOWTO define is horrible and will go away.
382 .#define HOWTO(C, R,S,B, P, BI, O, SF, NAME, INPLACE, MASKSRC, MASKDST, PC) \
383 . {(unsigned)C,R,S,B, P, BI, O,SF,NAME,INPLACE,MASKSRC,MASKDST,PC}
386 And will be replaced with the totally magic way. But for the
387 moment, we are compatible, so do it this way.
390 .#define NEWHOWTO( FUNCTION, NAME,SIZE,REL,IN) HOWTO(0,0,SIZE,0,REL,0,complain_overflow_dont,FUNCTION, NAME,false,0,0,IN)
393 Helper routine to turn a symbol into a relocation value.
395 .#define HOWTO_PREPARE(relocation, symbol) \
397 . if (symbol != (asymbol *)NULL) { \
398 . if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol->section)) { \
402 . relocation = symbol->value; \
414 unsigned int bfd_get_reloc_size (reloc_howto_type *);
417 For a reloc_howto_type that operates on a fixed number of bytes,
418 this returns the number of bytes operated on.
422 bfd_get_reloc_size (howto
)
423 reloc_howto_type
*howto
;
444 How relocs are tied together in an <<asection>>:
446 .typedef struct relent_chain {
448 . struct relent_chain *next;
459 bfd_reloc_status_type
461 (enum complain_overflow how,
462 unsigned int bitsize,
463 unsigned int rightshift,
467 Perform overflow checking on @var{relocation} which has @var{bitsize}
468 significant bits and will be shifted right by @var{rightshift} bits.
469 The result is either of @code{bfd_reloc_ok} or
470 @code{bfd_reloc_overflow}.
474 bfd_reloc_status_type
475 bfd_check_overflow (how
, bitsize
, rightshift
, relocation
)
476 enum complain_overflow how
;
477 unsigned int bitsize
, rightshift
;
481 bfd_reloc_status_type flag
= bfd_reloc_ok
;
483 /* Get the value that will be used for the relocation, but
484 starting at bit position zero. */
485 check
= relocation
>> rightshift
;
489 case complain_overflow_dont
:
492 case complain_overflow_signed
:
494 /* Assumes two's complement. */
495 bfd_signed_vma reloc_signed_max
=
496 ((bfd_signed_vma
) 1 << (bitsize
- 1)) - 1;
497 bfd_signed_vma reloc_signed_min
= ~reloc_signed_max
;
499 /* The above right shift is incorrect for a signed value.
500 Fix it up by forcing on the upper bits. */
502 && (bfd_signed_vma
) relocation
< 0)
503 check
|= ((bfd_vma
) - 1
506 if ((bfd_signed_vma
) check
> reloc_signed_max
507 || (bfd_signed_vma
) check
< reloc_signed_min
)
508 flag
= bfd_reloc_overflow
;
512 case complain_overflow_unsigned
:
514 /* Assumes two's complement. This expression avoids
515 overflow if `bitsize' is the number of bits in
517 bfd_vma reloc_unsigned_max
=
518 ((((bfd_vma
) 1 << (bitsize
- 1)) - 1) << 1) | 1;
520 if ((bfd_vma
) check
> reloc_unsigned_max
)
521 flag
= bfd_reloc_overflow
;
525 case complain_overflow_bitfield
:
527 /* Assumes two's complement. This expression avoids
528 overflow if `bitsize' is the number of bits in
530 bfd_vma reloc_bits
= (((1 << (bitsize
- 1)) - 1) << 1) | 1;
532 if (((bfd_vma
) check
& ~reloc_bits
) != 0
533 && ((bfd_vma
) check
& ~reloc_bits
) != (-1 & ~reloc_bits
))
535 /* The above right shift is incorrect for a signed
536 value. See if turning on the upper bits fixes the
539 && (bfd_signed_vma
) relocation
< 0)
541 check
|= ((bfd_vma
) - 1
544 if (((bfd_vma
) check
& ~reloc_bits
) != (-1 & ~reloc_bits
))
545 flag
= bfd_reloc_overflow
;
548 flag
= bfd_reloc_overflow
;
563 bfd_perform_relocation
566 bfd_reloc_status_type
567 bfd_perform_relocation
569 arelent *reloc_entry,
571 asection *input_section,
573 char **error_message);
576 If @var{output_bfd} is supplied to this function, the
577 generated image will be relocatable; the relocations are
578 copied to the output file after they have been changed to
579 reflect the new state of the world. There are two ways of
580 reflecting the results of partial linkage in an output file:
581 by modifying the output data in place, and by modifying the
582 relocation record. Some native formats (e.g., basic a.out and
583 basic coff) have no way of specifying an addend in the
584 relocation type, so the addend has to go in the output data.
585 This is no big deal since in these formats the output data
586 slot will always be big enough for the addend. Complex reloc
587 types with addends were invented to solve just this problem.
588 The @var{error_message} argument is set to an error message if
589 this return @code{bfd_reloc_dangerous}.
594 bfd_reloc_status_type
595 bfd_perform_relocation (abfd
, reloc_entry
, data
, input_section
, output_bfd
,
598 arelent
*reloc_entry
;
600 asection
*input_section
;
602 char **error_message
;
605 bfd_reloc_status_type flag
= bfd_reloc_ok
;
606 bfd_size_type addr
= reloc_entry
->address
;
607 bfd_vma output_base
= 0;
608 reloc_howto_type
*howto
= reloc_entry
->howto
;
609 asection
*reloc_target_output_section
;
612 symbol
= *(reloc_entry
->sym_ptr_ptr
);
613 if (bfd_is_abs_section (symbol
->section
)
614 && output_bfd
!= (bfd
*) NULL
)
616 reloc_entry
->address
+= input_section
->output_offset
;
620 /* If we are not producing relocateable output, return an error if
621 the symbol is not defined. An undefined weak symbol is
622 considered to have a value of zero (SVR4 ABI, p. 4-27). */
623 if (bfd_is_und_section (symbol
->section
)
624 && (symbol
->flags
& BSF_WEAK
) == 0
625 && output_bfd
== (bfd
*) NULL
)
626 flag
= bfd_reloc_undefined
;
628 /* If there is a function supplied to handle this relocation type,
629 call it. It'll return `bfd_reloc_continue' if further processing
631 if (howto
->special_function
)
633 bfd_reloc_status_type cont
;
634 cont
= howto
->special_function (abfd
, reloc_entry
, symbol
, data
,
635 input_section
, output_bfd
,
637 if (cont
!= bfd_reloc_continue
)
641 /* Is the address of the relocation really within the section? */
642 if (reloc_entry
->address
> input_section
->_cooked_size
)
643 return bfd_reloc_outofrange
;
645 /* Work out which section the relocation is targetted at and the
646 initial relocation command value. */
648 /* Get symbol value. (Common symbols are special.) */
649 if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol
->section
))
652 relocation
= symbol
->value
;
655 reloc_target_output_section
= symbol
->section
->output_section
;
657 /* Convert input-section-relative symbol value to absolute. */
658 if (output_bfd
&& howto
->partial_inplace
== false)
661 output_base
= reloc_target_output_section
->vma
;
663 relocation
+= output_base
+ symbol
->section
->output_offset
;
665 /* Add in supplied addend. */
666 relocation
+= reloc_entry
->addend
;
668 /* Here the variable relocation holds the final address of the
669 symbol we are relocating against, plus any addend. */
671 if (howto
->pc_relative
== true)
673 /* This is a PC relative relocation. We want to set RELOCATION
674 to the distance between the address of the symbol and the
675 location. RELOCATION is already the address of the symbol.
677 We start by subtracting the address of the section containing
680 If pcrel_offset is set, we must further subtract the position
681 of the location within the section. Some targets arrange for
682 the addend to be the negative of the position of the location
683 within the section; for example, i386-aout does this. For
684 i386-aout, pcrel_offset is false. Some other targets do not
685 include the position of the location; for example, m88kbcs,
686 or ELF. For those targets, pcrel_offset is true.
688 If we are producing relocateable output, then we must ensure
689 that this reloc will be correctly computed when the final
690 relocation is done. If pcrel_offset is false we want to wind
691 up with the negative of the location within the section,
692 which means we must adjust the existing addend by the change
693 in the location within the section. If pcrel_offset is true
694 we do not want to adjust the existing addend at all.
696 FIXME: This seems logical to me, but for the case of
697 producing relocateable output it is not what the code
698 actually does. I don't want to change it, because it seems
699 far too likely that something will break. */
702 input_section
->output_section
->vma
+ input_section
->output_offset
;
704 if (howto
->pcrel_offset
== true)
705 relocation
-= reloc_entry
->address
;
708 if (output_bfd
!= (bfd
*) NULL
)
710 if (howto
->partial_inplace
== false)
712 /* This is a partial relocation, and we want to apply the relocation
713 to the reloc entry rather than the raw data. Modify the reloc
714 inplace to reflect what we now know. */
715 reloc_entry
->addend
= relocation
;
716 reloc_entry
->address
+= input_section
->output_offset
;
721 /* This is a partial relocation, but inplace, so modify the
724 If we've relocated with a symbol with a section, change
725 into a ref to the section belonging to the symbol. */
727 reloc_entry
->address
+= input_section
->output_offset
;
730 if (abfd
->xvec
->flavour
== bfd_target_coff_flavour
731 && strcmp (abfd
->xvec
->name
, "aixcoff-rs6000") != 0
732 && strcmp (abfd
->xvec
->name
, "xcoff-powermac") != 0
733 && strcmp (abfd
->xvec
->name
, "coff-Intel-little") != 0
734 && strcmp (abfd
->xvec
->name
, "coff-Intel-big") != 0)
737 /* For m68k-coff, the addend was being subtracted twice during
738 relocation with -r. Removing the line below this comment
739 fixes that problem; see PR 2953.
741 However, Ian wrote the following, regarding removing the line below,
742 which explains why it is still enabled: --djm
744 If you put a patch like that into BFD you need to check all the COFF
745 linkers. I am fairly certain that patch will break coff-i386 (e.g.,
746 SCO); see coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c where I worked around the
747 problem in a different way. There may very well be a reason that the
748 code works as it does.
750 Hmmm. The first obvious point is that bfd_perform_relocation should
751 not have any tests that depend upon the flavour. It's seem like
752 entirely the wrong place for such a thing. The second obvious point
753 is that the current code ignores the reloc addend when producing
754 relocateable output for COFF. That's peculiar. In fact, I really
755 have no idea what the point of the line you want to remove is.
757 A typical COFF reloc subtracts the old value of the symbol and adds in
758 the new value to the location in the object file (if it's a pc
759 relative reloc it adds the difference between the symbol value and the
760 location). When relocating we need to preserve that property.
762 BFD handles this by setting the addend to the negative of the old
763 value of the symbol. Unfortunately it handles common symbols in a
764 non-standard way (it doesn't subtract the old value) but that's a
765 different story (we can't change it without losing backward
766 compatibility with old object files) (coff-i386 does subtract the old
767 value, to be compatible with existing coff-i386 targets, like SCO).
769 So everything works fine when not producing relocateable output. When
770 we are producing relocateable output, logically we should do exactly
771 what we do when not producing relocateable output. Therefore, your
772 patch is correct. In fact, it should probably always just set
773 reloc_entry->addend to 0 for all cases, since it is, in fact, going to
774 add the value into the object file. This won't hurt the COFF code,
775 which doesn't use the addend; I'm not sure what it will do to other
776 formats (the thing to check for would be whether any formats both use
777 the addend and set partial_inplace).
779 When I wanted to make coff-i386 produce relocateable output, I ran
780 into the problem that you are running into: I wanted to remove that
781 line. Rather than risk it, I made the coff-i386 relocs use a special
782 function; it's coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c. The function
783 specifically adds the addend field into the object file, knowing that
784 bfd_perform_relocation is not going to. If you remove that line, then
785 coff-i386.c will wind up adding the addend field in twice. It's
786 trivial to fix; it just needs to be done.
788 The problem with removing the line is just that it may break some
789 working code. With BFD it's hard to be sure of anything. The right
790 way to deal with this is simply to build and test at least all the
791 supported COFF targets. It should be straightforward if time and disk
792 space consuming. For each target:
794 2) generate some executable, and link it using -r (I would
795 probably use paranoia.o and link against newlib/libc.a, which
796 for all the supported targets would be available in
797 /usr/cygnus/progressive/H-host/target/lib/libc.a).
798 3) make the change to reloc.c
799 4) rebuild the linker
801 6) if the resulting object files are the same, you have at least
803 7) if they are different you have to figure out which version is
806 relocation
-= reloc_entry
->addend
;
808 reloc_entry
->addend
= 0;
812 reloc_entry
->addend
= relocation
;
818 reloc_entry
->addend
= 0;
821 /* FIXME: This overflow checking is incomplete, because the value
822 might have overflowed before we get here. For a correct check we
823 need to compute the value in a size larger than bitsize, but we
824 can't reasonably do that for a reloc the same size as a host
826 FIXME: We should also do overflow checking on the result after
827 adding in the value contained in the object file. */
828 if (howto
->complain_on_overflow
!= complain_overflow_dont
829 && flag
== bfd_reloc_ok
)
830 flag
= bfd_check_overflow (howto
->complain_on_overflow
, howto
->bitsize
,
831 howto
->rightshift
, relocation
);
834 Either we are relocating all the way, or we don't want to apply
835 the relocation to the reloc entry (probably because there isn't
836 any room in the output format to describe addends to relocs)
839 /* The cast to bfd_vma avoids a bug in the Alpha OSF/1 C compiler
840 (OSF version 1.3, compiler version 3.11). It miscompiles the
854 x <<= (unsigned long) s.i0;
858 printf ("succeeded (%lx)\n", x);
862 relocation
>>= (bfd_vma
) howto
->rightshift
;
864 /* Shift everything up to where it's going to be used */
866 relocation
<<= (bfd_vma
) howto
->bitpos
;
868 /* Wait for the day when all have the mask in them */
871 i instruction to be left alone
872 o offset within instruction
873 r relocation offset to apply
882 i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
883 and S S S S S to get the size offset we want
884 + r r r r r r r r r r to get the final value to place
885 and D D D D D to chop to right size
886 -----------------------
889 ... i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
890 and N N N N N get instruction
891 -----------------------
897 -----------------------
898 R R R R R R R R R R put into bfd_put<size>
902 x = ( (x & ~howto->dst_mask) | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask))
908 char x
= bfd_get_8 (abfd
, (char *) data
+ addr
);
910 bfd_put_8 (abfd
, x
, (unsigned char *) data
+ addr
);
916 short x
= bfd_get_16 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
918 bfd_put_16 (abfd
, x
, (unsigned char *) data
+ addr
);
923 long x
= bfd_get_32 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
925 bfd_put_32 (abfd
, x
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
930 long x
= bfd_get_32 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
931 relocation
= -relocation
;
933 bfd_put_32 (abfd
, x
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
939 long x
= bfd_get_16 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
940 relocation
= -relocation
;
942 bfd_put_16 (abfd
, x
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
953 bfd_vma x
= bfd_get_64 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
955 bfd_put_64 (abfd
, x
, (bfd_byte
*) data
+ addr
);
962 return bfd_reloc_other
;
970 bfd_install_relocation
973 bfd_reloc_status_type
974 bfd_install_relocation
976 arelent *reloc_entry,
977 PTR data, bfd_vma data_start,
978 asection *input_section,
979 char **error_message);
982 This looks remarkably like <<bfd_perform_relocation>>, except it
983 does not expect that the section contents have been filled in.
984 I.e., it's suitable for use when creating, rather than applying
987 For now, this function should be considered reserved for the
993 bfd_reloc_status_type
994 bfd_install_relocation (abfd
, reloc_entry
, data_start
, data_start_offset
,
995 input_section
, error_message
)
997 arelent
*reloc_entry
;
999 bfd_vma data_start_offset
;
1000 asection
*input_section
;
1001 char **error_message
;
1004 bfd_reloc_status_type flag
= bfd_reloc_ok
;
1005 bfd_size_type addr
= reloc_entry
->address
;
1006 bfd_vma output_base
= 0;
1007 reloc_howto_type
*howto
= reloc_entry
->howto
;
1008 asection
*reloc_target_output_section
;
1012 symbol
= *(reloc_entry
->sym_ptr_ptr
);
1013 if (bfd_is_abs_section (symbol
->section
))
1015 reloc_entry
->address
+= input_section
->output_offset
;
1016 return bfd_reloc_ok
;
1019 /* If there is a function supplied to handle this relocation type,
1020 call it. It'll return `bfd_reloc_continue' if further processing
1022 if (howto
->special_function
)
1024 bfd_reloc_status_type cont
;
1026 /* XXX - The special_function calls haven't been fixed up to deal
1027 with creating new relocations and section contents. */
1028 cont
= howto
->special_function (abfd
, reloc_entry
, symbol
,
1029 /* XXX - Non-portable! */
1030 ((bfd_byte
*) data_start
1031 - data_start_offset
),
1032 input_section
, abfd
, error_message
);
1033 if (cont
!= bfd_reloc_continue
)
1037 /* Is the address of the relocation really within the section? */
1038 if (reloc_entry
->address
> input_section
->_cooked_size
)
1039 return bfd_reloc_outofrange
;
1041 /* Work out which section the relocation is targetted at and the
1042 initial relocation command value. */
1044 /* Get symbol value. (Common symbols are special.) */
1045 if (bfd_is_com_section (symbol
->section
))
1048 relocation
= symbol
->value
;
1050 reloc_target_output_section
= symbol
->section
->output_section
;
1052 /* Convert input-section-relative symbol value to absolute. */
1053 if (howto
->partial_inplace
== false)
1056 output_base
= reloc_target_output_section
->vma
;
1058 relocation
+= output_base
+ symbol
->section
->output_offset
;
1060 /* Add in supplied addend. */
1061 relocation
+= reloc_entry
->addend
;
1063 /* Here the variable relocation holds the final address of the
1064 symbol we are relocating against, plus any addend. */
1066 if (howto
->pc_relative
== true)
1068 /* This is a PC relative relocation. We want to set RELOCATION
1069 to the distance between the address of the symbol and the
1070 location. RELOCATION is already the address of the symbol.
1072 We start by subtracting the address of the section containing
1075 If pcrel_offset is set, we must further subtract the position
1076 of the location within the section. Some targets arrange for
1077 the addend to be the negative of the position of the location
1078 within the section; for example, i386-aout does this. For
1079 i386-aout, pcrel_offset is false. Some other targets do not
1080 include the position of the location; for example, m88kbcs,
1081 or ELF. For those targets, pcrel_offset is true.
1083 If we are producing relocateable output, then we must ensure
1084 that this reloc will be correctly computed when the final
1085 relocation is done. If pcrel_offset is false we want to wind
1086 up with the negative of the location within the section,
1087 which means we must adjust the existing addend by the change
1088 in the location within the section. If pcrel_offset is true
1089 we do not want to adjust the existing addend at all.
1091 FIXME: This seems logical to me, but for the case of
1092 producing relocateable output it is not what the code
1093 actually does. I don't want to change it, because it seems
1094 far too likely that something will break. */
1097 input_section
->output_section
->vma
+ input_section
->output_offset
;
1099 if (howto
->pcrel_offset
== true && howto
->partial_inplace
== true)
1100 relocation
-= reloc_entry
->address
;
1103 if (howto
->partial_inplace
== false)
1105 /* This is a partial relocation, and we want to apply the relocation
1106 to the reloc entry rather than the raw data. Modify the reloc
1107 inplace to reflect what we now know. */
1108 reloc_entry
->addend
= relocation
;
1109 reloc_entry
->address
+= input_section
->output_offset
;
1114 /* This is a partial relocation, but inplace, so modify the
1117 If we've relocated with a symbol with a section, change
1118 into a ref to the section belonging to the symbol. */
1120 reloc_entry
->address
+= input_section
->output_offset
;
1123 if (abfd
->xvec
->flavour
== bfd_target_coff_flavour
1124 && strcmp (abfd
->xvec
->name
, "aixcoff-rs6000") != 0
1125 && strcmp (abfd
->xvec
->name
, "xcoff-powermac") != 0
1126 && strcmp (abfd
->xvec
->name
, "coff-Intel-little") != 0
1127 && strcmp (abfd
->xvec
->name
, "coff-Intel-big") != 0)
1130 /* For m68k-coff, the addend was being subtracted twice during
1131 relocation with -r. Removing the line below this comment
1132 fixes that problem; see PR 2953.
1134 However, Ian wrote the following, regarding removing the line below,
1135 which explains why it is still enabled: --djm
1137 If you put a patch like that into BFD you need to check all the COFF
1138 linkers. I am fairly certain that patch will break coff-i386 (e.g.,
1139 SCO); see coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c where I worked around the
1140 problem in a different way. There may very well be a reason that the
1141 code works as it does.
1143 Hmmm. The first obvious point is that bfd_install_relocation should
1144 not have any tests that depend upon the flavour. It's seem like
1145 entirely the wrong place for such a thing. The second obvious point
1146 is that the current code ignores the reloc addend when producing
1147 relocateable output for COFF. That's peculiar. In fact, I really
1148 have no idea what the point of the line you want to remove is.
1150 A typical COFF reloc subtracts the old value of the symbol and adds in
1151 the new value to the location in the object file (if it's a pc
1152 relative reloc it adds the difference between the symbol value and the
1153 location). When relocating we need to preserve that property.
1155 BFD handles this by setting the addend to the negative of the old
1156 value of the symbol. Unfortunately it handles common symbols in a
1157 non-standard way (it doesn't subtract the old value) but that's a
1158 different story (we can't change it without losing backward
1159 compatibility with old object files) (coff-i386 does subtract the old
1160 value, to be compatible with existing coff-i386 targets, like SCO).
1162 So everything works fine when not producing relocateable output. When
1163 we are producing relocateable output, logically we should do exactly
1164 what we do when not producing relocateable output. Therefore, your
1165 patch is correct. In fact, it should probably always just set
1166 reloc_entry->addend to 0 for all cases, since it is, in fact, going to
1167 add the value into the object file. This won't hurt the COFF code,
1168 which doesn't use the addend; I'm not sure what it will do to other
1169 formats (the thing to check for would be whether any formats both use
1170 the addend and set partial_inplace).
1172 When I wanted to make coff-i386 produce relocateable output, I ran
1173 into the problem that you are running into: I wanted to remove that
1174 line. Rather than risk it, I made the coff-i386 relocs use a special
1175 function; it's coff_i386_reloc in coff-i386.c. The function
1176 specifically adds the addend field into the object file, knowing that
1177 bfd_install_relocation is not going to. If you remove that line, then
1178 coff-i386.c will wind up adding the addend field in twice. It's
1179 trivial to fix; it just needs to be done.
1181 The problem with removing the line is just that it may break some
1182 working code. With BFD it's hard to be sure of anything. The right
1183 way to deal with this is simply to build and test at least all the
1184 supported COFF targets. It should be straightforward if time and disk
1185 space consuming. For each target:
1187 2) generate some executable, and link it using -r (I would
1188 probably use paranoia.o and link against newlib/libc.a, which
1189 for all the supported targets would be available in
1190 /usr/cygnus/progressive/H-host/target/lib/libc.a).
1191 3) make the change to reloc.c
1192 4) rebuild the linker
1194 6) if the resulting object files are the same, you have at least
1196 7) if they are different you have to figure out which version is
1199 relocation
-= reloc_entry
->addend
;
1201 reloc_entry
->addend
= 0;
1205 reloc_entry
->addend
= relocation
;
1209 /* FIXME: This overflow checking is incomplete, because the value
1210 might have overflowed before we get here. For a correct check we
1211 need to compute the value in a size larger than bitsize, but we
1212 can't reasonably do that for a reloc the same size as a host
1214 FIXME: We should also do overflow checking on the result after
1215 adding in the value contained in the object file. */
1216 if (howto
->complain_on_overflow
!= complain_overflow_dont
)
1217 flag
= bfd_check_overflow (howto
->complain_on_overflow
, howto
->bitsize
,
1218 howto
->rightshift
, relocation
);
1221 Either we are relocating all the way, or we don't want to apply
1222 the relocation to the reloc entry (probably because there isn't
1223 any room in the output format to describe addends to relocs)
1226 /* The cast to bfd_vma avoids a bug in the Alpha OSF/1 C compiler
1227 (OSF version 1.3, compiler version 3.11). It miscompiles the
1241 x <<= (unsigned long) s.i0;
1243 printf ("failed\n");
1245 printf ("succeeded (%lx)\n", x);
1249 relocation
>>= (bfd_vma
) howto
->rightshift
;
1251 /* Shift everything up to where it's going to be used */
1253 relocation
<<= (bfd_vma
) howto
->bitpos
;
1255 /* Wait for the day when all have the mask in them */
1258 i instruction to be left alone
1259 o offset within instruction
1260 r relocation offset to apply
1269 i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
1270 and S S S S S to get the size offset we want
1271 + r r r r r r r r r r to get the final value to place
1272 and D D D D D to chop to right size
1273 -----------------------
1276 ... i i i i i o o o o o from bfd_get<size>
1277 and N N N N N get instruction
1278 -----------------------
1284 -----------------------
1285 R R R R R R R R R R put into bfd_put<size>
1289 x = ( (x & ~howto->dst_mask) | (((x & howto->src_mask) + relocation) & howto->dst_mask))
1291 data
= (bfd_byte
*) data_start
+ (addr
- data_start_offset
);
1293 switch (howto
->size
)
1297 char x
= bfd_get_8 (abfd
, (char *) data
);
1299 bfd_put_8 (abfd
, x
, (unsigned char *) data
);
1305 short x
= bfd_get_16 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
);
1307 bfd_put_16 (abfd
, x
, (unsigned char *) data
);
1312 long x
= bfd_get_32 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
);
1314 bfd_put_32 (abfd
, x
, (bfd_byte
*) data
);
1319 long x
= bfd_get_32 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
);
1320 relocation
= -relocation
;
1322 bfd_put_32 (abfd
, x
, (bfd_byte
*) data
);
1332 bfd_vma x
= bfd_get_64 (abfd
, (bfd_byte
*) data
);
1334 bfd_put_64 (abfd
, x
, (bfd_byte
*) data
);
1338 return bfd_reloc_other
;
1344 /* This relocation routine is used by some of the backend linkers.
1345 They do not construct asymbol or arelent structures, so there is no
1346 reason for them to use bfd_perform_relocation. Also,
1347 bfd_perform_relocation is so hacked up it is easier to write a new
1348 function than to try to deal with it.
1350 This routine does a final relocation. Whether it is useful for a
1351 relocateable link depends upon how the object format defines
1354 FIXME: This routine ignores any special_function in the HOWTO,
1355 since the existing special_function values have been written for
1356 bfd_perform_relocation.
1358 HOWTO is the reloc howto information.
1359 INPUT_BFD is the BFD which the reloc applies to.
1360 INPUT_SECTION is the section which the reloc applies to.
1361 CONTENTS is the contents of the section.
1362 ADDRESS is the address of the reloc within INPUT_SECTION.
1363 VALUE is the value of the symbol the reloc refers to.
1364 ADDEND is the addend of the reloc. */
1366 bfd_reloc_status_type
1367 _bfd_final_link_relocate (howto
, input_bfd
, input_section
, contents
, address
,
1369 reloc_howto_type
*howto
;
1371 asection
*input_section
;
1379 /* Sanity check the address. */
1380 if (address
> input_section
->_raw_size
)
1381 return bfd_reloc_outofrange
;
1383 /* This function assumes that we are dealing with a basic relocation
1384 against a symbol. We want to compute the value of the symbol to
1385 relocate to. This is just VALUE, the value of the symbol, plus
1386 ADDEND, any addend associated with the reloc. */
1387 relocation
= value
+ addend
;
1389 /* If the relocation is PC relative, we want to set RELOCATION to
1390 the distance between the symbol (currently in RELOCATION) and the
1391 location we are relocating. Some targets (e.g., i386-aout)
1392 arrange for the contents of the section to be the negative of the
1393 offset of the location within the section; for such targets
1394 pcrel_offset is false. Other targets (e.g., m88kbcs or ELF)
1395 simply leave the contents of the section as zero; for such
1396 targets pcrel_offset is true. If pcrel_offset is false we do not
1397 need to subtract out the offset of the location within the
1398 section (which is just ADDRESS). */
1399 if (howto
->pc_relative
)
1401 relocation
-= (input_section
->output_section
->vma
1402 + input_section
->output_offset
);
1403 if (howto
->pcrel_offset
)
1404 relocation
-= address
;
1407 return _bfd_relocate_contents (howto
, input_bfd
, relocation
,
1408 contents
+ address
);
1411 /* Relocate a given location using a given value and howto. */
1413 bfd_reloc_status_type
1414 _bfd_relocate_contents (howto
, input_bfd
, relocation
, location
)
1415 reloc_howto_type
*howto
;
1424 /* If the size is negative, negate RELOCATION. This isn't very
1426 if (howto
->size
< 0)
1427 relocation
= -relocation
;
1429 /* Get the value we are going to relocate. */
1430 size
= bfd_get_reloc_size (howto
);
1437 x
= bfd_get_8 (input_bfd
, location
);
1440 x
= bfd_get_16 (input_bfd
, location
);
1443 x
= bfd_get_32 (input_bfd
, location
);
1447 x
= bfd_get_64 (input_bfd
, location
);
1454 /* Check for overflow. FIXME: We may drop bits during the addition
1455 which we don't check for. We must either check at every single
1456 operation, which would be tedious, or we must do the computations
1457 in a type larger than bfd_vma, which would be inefficient. */
1459 if (howto
->complain_on_overflow
!= complain_overflow_dont
)
1462 bfd_signed_vma signed_check
;
1464 bfd_signed_vma signed_add
;
1466 if (howto
->rightshift
== 0)
1469 signed_check
= (bfd_signed_vma
) relocation
;
1473 /* Drop unwanted bits from the value we are relocating to. */
1474 check
= relocation
>> howto
->rightshift
;
1476 /* If this is a signed value, the rightshift just dropped
1477 leading 1 bits (assuming twos complement). */
1478 if ((bfd_signed_vma
) relocation
>= 0)
1479 signed_check
= check
;
1481 signed_check
= (check
1483 & ~((bfd_vma
) - 1 >> howto
->rightshift
)));
1486 /* Get the value from the object file. */
1487 add
= x
& howto
->src_mask
;
1489 /* Get the value from the object file with an appropriate sign.
1490 The expression involving howto->src_mask isolates the upper
1491 bit of src_mask. If that bit is set in the value we are
1492 adding, it is negative, and we subtract out that number times
1493 two. If src_mask includes the highest possible bit, then we
1494 can not get the upper bit, but that does not matter since
1495 signed_add needs no adjustment to become negative in that
1498 if ((add
& (((~howto
->src_mask
) >> 1) & howto
->src_mask
)) != 0)
1499 signed_add
-= (((~howto
->src_mask
) >> 1) & howto
->src_mask
) << 1;
1501 /* Add the value from the object file, shifted so that it is a
1503 if (howto
->bitpos
== 0)
1506 signed_check
+= signed_add
;
1510 check
+= add
>> howto
->bitpos
;
1512 /* For the signed case we use ADD, rather than SIGNED_ADD,
1513 to avoid warnings from SVR4 cc. This is OK since we
1514 explictly handle the sign bits. */
1515 if (signed_add
>= 0)
1516 signed_check
+= add
>> howto
->bitpos
;
1518 signed_check
+= ((add
>> howto
->bitpos
)
1520 & ~((bfd_vma
) - 1 >> howto
->bitpos
)));
1523 switch (howto
->complain_on_overflow
)
1525 case complain_overflow_signed
:
1527 /* Assumes two's complement. */
1528 bfd_signed_vma reloc_signed_max
=
1529 ((bfd_signed_vma
) 1 << (howto
->bitsize
- 1)) - 1;
1530 bfd_signed_vma reloc_signed_min
= ~reloc_signed_max
;
1532 if (signed_check
> reloc_signed_max
1533 || signed_check
< reloc_signed_min
)
1537 case complain_overflow_unsigned
:
1539 /* Assumes two's complement. This expression avoids
1540 overflow if howto->bitsize is the number of bits in
1542 bfd_vma reloc_unsigned_max
=
1543 ((((bfd_vma
) 1 << (howto
->bitsize
- 1)) - 1) << 1) | 1;
1545 if (check
> reloc_unsigned_max
)
1549 case complain_overflow_bitfield
:
1551 /* Assumes two's complement. This expression avoids
1552 overflow if howto->bitsize is the number of bits in
1554 bfd_vma reloc_bits
= (((1 << (howto
->bitsize
- 1)) - 1) << 1) | 1;
1556 if ((check
& ~reloc_bits
) != 0
1557 && (((bfd_vma
) signed_check
& ~reloc_bits
)
1558 != (-1 & ~reloc_bits
)))
1567 /* Put RELOCATION in the right bits. */
1568 relocation
>>= (bfd_vma
) howto
->rightshift
;
1569 relocation
<<= (bfd_vma
) howto
->bitpos
;
1571 /* Add RELOCATION to the right bits of X. */
1572 x
= ((x
& ~howto
->dst_mask
)
1573 | (((x
& howto
->src_mask
) + relocation
) & howto
->dst_mask
));
1575 /* Put the relocated value back in the object file. */
1582 bfd_put_8 (input_bfd
, x
, location
);
1585 bfd_put_16 (input_bfd
, x
, location
);
1588 bfd_put_32 (input_bfd
, x
, location
);
1592 bfd_put_64 (input_bfd
, x
, location
);
1599 return overflow
? bfd_reloc_overflow
: bfd_reloc_ok
;
1605 howto manager, , typedef arelent, Relocations
1610 When an application wants to create a relocation, but doesn't
1611 know what the target machine might call it, it can find out by
1612 using this bit of code.
1621 The insides of a reloc code. The idea is that, eventually, there
1622 will be one enumerator for every type of relocation we ever do.
1623 Pass one of these values to <<bfd_reloc_type_lookup>>, and it'll
1624 return a howto pointer.
1626 This does mean that the application must determine the correct
1627 enumerator value; you can't get a howto pointer from a random set
1648 Basic absolute relocations of N bits.
1663 PC-relative relocations. Sometimes these are relative to the address
1664 of the relocation itself; sometimes they are relative to the start of
1665 the section containing the relocation. It depends on the specific target.
1667 The 24-bit relocation is used in some Intel 960 configurations.
1670 BFD_RELOC_32_GOT_PCREL
1672 BFD_RELOC_16_GOT_PCREL
1674 BFD_RELOC_8_GOT_PCREL
1680 BFD_RELOC_LO16_GOTOFF
1682 BFD_RELOC_HI16_GOTOFF
1684 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_GOTOFF
1688 BFD_RELOC_32_PLT_PCREL
1690 BFD_RELOC_24_PLT_PCREL
1692 BFD_RELOC_16_PLT_PCREL
1694 BFD_RELOC_8_PLT_PCREL
1700 BFD_RELOC_LO16_PLTOFF
1702 BFD_RELOC_HI16_PLTOFF
1704 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_PLTOFF
1711 BFD_RELOC_68K_GLOB_DAT
1713 BFD_RELOC_68K_JMP_SLOT
1715 BFD_RELOC_68K_RELATIVE
1717 Relocations used by 68K ELF.
1720 BFD_RELOC_32_BASEREL
1722 BFD_RELOC_16_BASEREL
1724 BFD_RELOC_LO16_BASEREL
1726 BFD_RELOC_HI16_BASEREL
1728 BFD_RELOC_HI16_S_BASEREL
1734 Linkage-table relative.
1739 Absolute 8-bit relocation, but used to form an address like 0xFFnn.
1742 BFD_RELOC_32_PCREL_S2
1744 BFD_RELOC_16_PCREL_S2
1746 BFD_RELOC_23_PCREL_S2
1748 These PC-relative relocations are stored as word displacements --
1749 i.e., byte displacements shifted right two bits. The 30-bit word
1750 displacement (<<32_PCREL_S2>> -- 32 bits, shifted 2) is used on the
1751 SPARC. (SPARC tools generally refer to this as <<WDISP30>>.) The
1752 signed 16-bit displacement is used on the MIPS, and the 23-bit
1753 displacement is used on the Alpha.
1760 High 22 bits and low 10 bits of 32-bit value, placed into lower bits of
1761 the target word. These are used on the SPARC.
1768 For systems that allocate a Global Pointer register, these are
1769 displacements off that register. These relocation types are
1770 handled specially, because the value the register will have is
1771 decided relatively late.
1775 BFD_RELOC_I960_CALLJ
1777 Reloc types used for i960/b.out.
1782 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP22
1788 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT10
1790 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT13
1792 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GOT22
1794 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC10
1796 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC22
1798 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WPLT30
1800 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_COPY
1802 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_GLOB_DAT
1804 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_JMP_SLOT
1806 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_RELATIVE
1808 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_UA32
1810 SPARC ELF relocations. There is probably some overlap with other
1811 relocation types already defined.
1814 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_BASE13
1816 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_BASE22
1818 I think these are specific to SPARC a.out (e.g., Sun 4).
1828 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_OLO10
1830 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HH22
1832 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HM10
1834 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_LM22
1836 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_HH22
1838 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_HM10
1840 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PC_LM22
1842 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP16
1844 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_WDISP19
1852 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_DISP64
1855 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_PLT64
1857 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_HIX22
1859 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_LOX10
1867 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_REGISTER
1872 BFD_RELOC_SPARC_32LE
1874 SPARC little endian relocation
1877 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP_HI16
1879 Alpha ECOFF and ELF relocations. Some of these treat the symbol or
1880 "addend" in some special way.
1881 For GPDISP_HI16 ("gpdisp") relocations, the symbol is ignored when
1882 writing; when reading, it will be the absolute section symbol. The
1883 addend is the displacement in bytes of the "lda" instruction from
1884 the "ldah" instruction (which is at the address of this reloc).
1886 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP_LO16
1888 For GPDISP_LO16 ("ignore") relocations, the symbol is handled as
1889 with GPDISP_HI16 relocs. The addend is ignored when writing the
1890 relocations out, and is filled in with the file's GP value on
1891 reading, for convenience.
1894 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_GPDISP
1896 The ELF GPDISP relocation is exactly the same as the GPDISP_HI16
1897 relocation except that there is no accompanying GPDISP_LO16
1901 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LITERAL
1903 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_ELF_LITERAL
1905 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LITUSE
1907 The Alpha LITERAL/LITUSE relocs are produced by a symbol reference;
1908 the assembler turns it into a LDQ instruction to load the address of
1909 the symbol, and then fills in a register in the real instruction.
1911 The LITERAL reloc, at the LDQ instruction, refers to the .lita
1912 section symbol. The addend is ignored when writing, but is filled
1913 in with the file's GP value on reading, for convenience, as with the
1916 The ELF_LITERAL reloc is somewhere between 16_GOTOFF and GPDISP_LO16.
1917 It should refer to the symbol to be referenced, as with 16_GOTOFF,
1918 but it generates output not based on the position within the .got
1919 section, but relative to the GP value chosen for the file during the
1922 The LITUSE reloc, on the instruction using the loaded address, gives
1923 information to the linker that it might be able to use to optimize
1924 away some literal section references. The symbol is ignored (read
1925 as the absolute section symbol), and the "addend" indicates the type
1926 of instruction using the register:
1927 1 - "memory" fmt insn
1928 2 - byte-manipulation (byte offset reg)
1929 3 - jsr (target of branch)
1931 The GNU linker currently doesn't do any of this optimizing.
1934 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_HINT
1936 The HINT relocation indicates a value that should be filled into the
1937 "hint" field of a jmp/jsr/ret instruction, for possible branch-
1938 prediction logic which may be provided on some processors.
1941 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_LINKAGE
1943 The LINKAGE relocation outputs a linkage pair in the object file,
1944 which is filled by the linker.
1947 BFD_RELOC_ALPHA_CODEADDR
1949 The CODEADDR relocation outputs a STO_CA in the object file,
1950 which is filled by the linker.
1955 Bits 27..2 of the relocation address shifted right 2 bits;
1956 simple reloc otherwise.
1959 BFD_RELOC_MIPS16_JMP
1961 The MIPS16 jump instruction.
1964 BFD_RELOC_MIPS16_GPREL
1966 MIPS16 GP relative reloc.
1971 High 16 bits of 32-bit value; simple reloc.
1975 High 16 bits of 32-bit value but the low 16 bits will be sign
1976 extended and added to form the final result. If the low 16
1977 bits form a negative number, we need to add one to the high value
1978 to compensate for the borrow when the low bits are added.
1984 BFD_RELOC_PCREL_HI16_S
1986 Like BFD_RELOC_HI16_S, but PC relative.
1988 BFD_RELOC_PCREL_LO16
1990 Like BFD_RELOC_LO16, but PC relative.
1993 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GPREL
1996 Relocation relative to the global pointer.
1999 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_LITERAL
2001 Relocation against a MIPS literal section.
2004 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT16
2006 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL16
2008 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GPREL32
2011 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_HI16
2013 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_GOT_LO16
2015 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL_HI16
2017 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_CALL_LO16
2019 {* start-sanitize-r5900 *}
2023 {* end-sanitize-r5900 *}
2025 MIPS ELF relocations.
2028 {* start-sanitize-sky *}
2030 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_DVP_11_PCREL
2032 MIPS DVP Relocations.
2033 This is an 11-bit pc relative reloc. The recorded address is for the
2034 lower instruction word, and the value is in 128 bit units.
2036 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_DVP_27_S4
2038 This is a 27 bit address left shifted by 4.
2040 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_DVP_11_S4
2042 This is the 11 bit offset operand of ilw/stw instructions
2045 BFD_RELOC_MIPS_DVP_U15_S3
2047 This is the 15 bit unsigned immediate operand of the iaddiu instruction
2050 {* end-sanitize-sky *}
2059 BFD_RELOC_386_GLOB_DAT
2061 BFD_RELOC_386_JUMP_SLOT
2063 BFD_RELOC_386_RELATIVE
2065 BFD_RELOC_386_GOTOFF
2069 i386/elf relocations
2072 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_8
2074 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_16
2076 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_32
2078 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_8_PCREL
2080 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_16_PCREL
2082 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_IMM_32_PCREL
2084 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_8
2086 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_16
2088 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_32
2090 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_8_PCREL
2092 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_16_PCREL
2094 BFD_RELOC_NS32K_DISP_32_PCREL
2107 BFD_RELOC_PPC_B16_BRTAKEN
2109 BFD_RELOC_PPC_B16_BRNTAKEN
2113 BFD_RELOC_PPC_BA16_BRTAKEN
2115 BFD_RELOC_PPC_BA16_BRNTAKEN
2119 BFD_RELOC_PPC_GLOB_DAT
2121 BFD_RELOC_PPC_JMP_SLOT
2123 BFD_RELOC_PPC_RELATIVE
2125 BFD_RELOC_PPC_LOCAL24PC
2127 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR32
2129 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16
2131 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_LO
2133 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_HI
2135 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_NADDR16_HA
2137 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDAI16
2139 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA2I16
2141 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA2REL
2143 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_SDA21
2145 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_MRKREF
2147 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELSEC16
2149 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_LO
2151 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_HI
2153 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELST_HA
2155 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_BIT_FLD
2157 BFD_RELOC_PPC_EMB_RELSDA
2159 Power(rs6000) and PowerPC relocations.
2164 The type of reloc used to build a contructor table - at the moment
2165 probably a 32 bit wide absolute relocation, but the target can choose.
2166 It generally does map to one of the other relocation types.
2169 BFD_RELOC_ARM_PCREL_BRANCH
2171 ARM 26 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are
2172 not stored in the instruction.
2174 BFD_RELOC_ARM_IMMEDIATE
2176 BFD_RELOC_ARM_OFFSET_IMM
2178 BFD_RELOC_ARM_SHIFT_IMM
2184 BFD_RELOC_ARM_CP_OFF_IMM
2186 BFD_RELOC_ARM_ADR_IMM
2188 BFD_RELOC_ARM_LDR_IMM
2190 BFD_RELOC_ARM_LITERAL
2192 BFD_RELOC_ARM_IN_POOL
2194 BFD_RELOC_ARM_OFFSET_IMM8
2196 BFD_RELOC_ARM_HWLITERAL
2198 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_ADD
2200 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_IMM
2202 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_SHIFT
2204 BFD_RELOC_ARM_THUMB_OFFSET
2206 These relocs are only used within the ARM assembler. They are not
2207 (at present) written to any object files.
2210 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCDISP8BY2
2212 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCDISP12BY2
2216 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM4BY2
2218 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM4BY4
2222 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM8BY2
2224 BFD_RELOC_SH_IMM8BY4
2226 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCRELIMM8BY2
2228 BFD_RELOC_SH_PCRELIMM8BY4
2230 BFD_RELOC_SH_SWITCH16
2232 BFD_RELOC_SH_SWITCH32
2246 Hitachi SH relocs. Not all of these appear in object files.
2249 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH9
2251 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH12
2253 BFD_RELOC_THUMB_PCREL_BRANCH23
2255 Thumb 23-, 12- and 9-bit pc-relative branches. The lowest bit must
2256 be zero and is not stored in the instruction.
2259 BFD_RELOC_ARC_B22_PCREL
2261 Argonaut RISC Core (ARC) relocs.
2262 ARC 22 bit pc-relative branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are
2263 not stored in the instruction. The high 20 bits are installed in bits 26
2264 through 7 of the instruction.
2268 ARC 26 bit absolute branch. The lowest two bits must be zero and are not
2269 stored in the instruction. The high 24 bits are installed in bits 23
2273 BFD_RELOC_D10V_10_PCREL_R
2275 Mitsubishi D10V relocs.
2276 This is a 10-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2279 BFD_RELOC_D10V_10_PCREL_L
2281 Mitsubishi D10V relocs.
2282 This is a 10-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2283 assumed to be 0. This is the same as the previous reloc
2284 except it is in the left container, i.e.,
2285 shifted left 15 bits.
2289 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2292 BFD_RELOC_D10V_18_PCREL
2294 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits
2300 Mitsubishi D30V relocs.
2301 This is a 6-bit absolute reloc.
2303 BFD_RELOC_D30V_9_PCREL
2305 This is a 6-bit pc-relative reloc with
2306 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2308 BFD_RELOC_D30V_9_PCREL_R
2310 This is a 6-bit pc-relative reloc with
2311 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2312 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2317 This is a 12-bit absolute reloc with the
2318 right 3 bitsassumed to be 0.
2320 BFD_RELOC_D30V_15_PCREL
2322 This is a 12-bit pc-relative reloc with
2323 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2325 BFD_RELOC_D30V_15_PCREL_R
2327 This is a 12-bit pc-relative reloc with
2328 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2329 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2334 This is an 18-bit absolute reloc with
2335 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2337 BFD_RELOC_D30V_21_PCREL
2339 This is an 18-bit pc-relative reloc with
2340 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0.
2342 BFD_RELOC_D30V_21_PCREL_R
2344 This is an 18-bit pc-relative reloc with
2345 the right 3 bits assumed to be 0. Same
2346 as the previous reloc but on the right side
2351 This is a 32-bit absolute reloc.
2353 BFD_RELOC_D30V_32_PCREL
2355 This is a 32-bit pc-relative reloc.
2360 Mitsubishi M32R relocs.
2361 This is a 24 bit absolute address.
2363 BFD_RELOC_M32R_10_PCREL
2365 This is a 10-bit pc-relative reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2367 BFD_RELOC_M32R_18_PCREL
2369 This is an 18-bit reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2371 BFD_RELOC_M32R_26_PCREL
2373 This is a 26-bit reloc with the right 2 bits assumed to be 0.
2375 BFD_RELOC_M32R_HI16_ULO
2377 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the high 16 bits of an address
2378 used when the lower 16 bits are treated as unsigned.
2380 BFD_RELOC_M32R_HI16_SLO
2382 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the high 16 bits of an address
2383 used when the lower 16 bits are treated as signed.
2387 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the lower 16 bits of an address.
2389 BFD_RELOC_M32R_SDA16
2391 This is a 16-bit reloc containing the small data area offset for use in
2392 add3, load, and store instructions.
2395 BFD_RELOC_V850_9_PCREL
2397 This is a 9-bit reloc
2399 BFD_RELOC_V850_22_PCREL
2401 This is a 22-bit reloc
2404 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_16_16_OFFSET
2406 This is a 16 bit offset from the short data area pointer.
2408 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_15_16_OFFSET
2410 This is a 16 bit offset (of which only 15 bits are used) from the
2411 short data area pointer.
2413 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_16_16_OFFSET
2415 This is a 16 bit offset from the zero data area pointer.
2417 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_15_16_OFFSET
2419 This is a 16 bit offset (of which only 15 bits are used) from the
2420 zero data area pointer.
2422 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_6_8_OFFSET
2424 This is an 8 bit offset (of which only 6 bits are used) from the
2425 tiny data area pointer.
2427 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_7_8_OFFSET
2429 This is an 8bit offset (of which only 7 bits are used) from the tiny
2432 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_7_7_OFFSET
2434 This is a 7 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2436 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_16_16_OFFSET
2438 This is a 16 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2440 {* start-sanitize-v850e *}
2442 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_4_5_OFFSET
2444 This is a 5 bit offset (of which only 4 bits are used) from the tiny
2447 BFD_RELOC_V850_TDA_4_4_OFFSET
2449 This is a 4 bit offset from the tiny data area pointer.
2451 BFD_RELOC_V850_SDA_16_16_SPLIT_OFFSET
2453 This is a 16 bit offset from the short data area pointer, with the
2454 bits placed non-contigously in the instruction.
2456 BFD_RELOC_V850_ZDA_16_16_SPLIT_OFFSET
2458 This is a 16 bit offset from the zero data area pointer, with the
2459 bits placed non-contigously in the instruction.
2461 BFD_RELOC_V850_CALLT_6_7_OFFSET
2463 This is a 6 bit offset from the call table base pointer.
2465 BFD_RELOC_V850_CALLT_16_16_OFFSET
2467 This is a 16 bit offset from the call table base pointer.
2469 {* end-sanitize-v850e *}
2472 BFD_RELOC_MN10300_32_PCREL
2474 This is a 32bit pcrel reloc for the mn10300, offset by two bytes in the
2477 BFD_RELOC_MN10300_16_PCREL
2479 This is a 16bit pcrel reloc for the mn10300, offset by two bytes in the
2485 This is a 8bit DP reloc for the tms320c30, where the most
2486 significant 8 bits of a 24 bit word are placed into the least
2487 significant 8 bits of the opcode.
2490 BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_INHERIT
2492 BFD_RELOC_VTABLE_ENTRY
2494 These two relocations are used by the linker to determine which of
2495 the entries in a C++ virtual function table are actually used. When
2496 the --gc-sections option is given, the linker will zero out the entries
2497 that are not used, so that the code for those functions need not be
2498 included in the output.
2500 VTABLE_INHERIT is a zero-space relocation used to describe to the
2501 linker the inheritence tree of a C++ virtual function table. The
2502 relocation's symbol should be the parent class' vtable, and the
2503 relocation should be located at the child vtable.
2505 VTABLE_ENTRY is a zero-space relocation that describes the use of a
2506 virtual function table entry. The reloc's symbol should refer to the
2507 table of the class mentioned in the code. Off of that base, an offset
2508 describes the entry that is being used. For Rela hosts, this offset
2509 is stored in the reloc's addend. For Rel hosts, we are forced to put
2510 this offset in the reloc's section offset.
2516 .typedef enum bfd_reloc_code_real bfd_reloc_code_real_type;
2522 bfd_reloc_type_lookup
2526 bfd_reloc_type_lookup (bfd *abfd, bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
2529 Return a pointer to a howto structure which, when
2530 invoked, will perform the relocation @var{code} on data from the
2537 bfd_reloc_type_lookup (abfd
, code
)
2539 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code
;
2541 return BFD_SEND (abfd
, reloc_type_lookup
, (abfd
, code
));
2544 static reloc_howto_type bfd_howto_32
=
2545 HOWTO (0, 00, 2, 32, false, 0, complain_overflow_bitfield
, 0, "VRT32", false, 0xffffffff, 0xffffffff, true);
2550 bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup
2553 reloc_howto_type *bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup
2554 (bfd *abfd, bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
2557 Provides a default relocation lookup routine for any architecture.
2563 bfd_default_reloc_type_lookup (abfd
, code
)
2565 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code
;
2569 case BFD_RELOC_CTOR
:
2570 /* The type of reloc used in a ctor, which will be as wide as the
2571 address - so either a 64, 32, or 16 bitter. */
2572 switch (bfd_get_arch_info (abfd
)->bits_per_address
)
2577 return &bfd_howto_32
;
2586 return (reloc_howto_type
*) NULL
;
2591 bfd_get_reloc_code_name
2594 const char *bfd_get_reloc_code_name (bfd_reloc_code_real_type code);
2597 Provides a printable name for the supplied relocation code.
2598 Useful mainly for printing error messages.
2602 bfd_get_reloc_code_name (code
)
2603 bfd_reloc_code_real_type code
;
2605 if (code
> BFD_RELOC_UNUSED
)
2607 return bfd_reloc_code_real_names
[(int)code
];
2612 bfd_generic_relax_section
2615 boolean bfd_generic_relax_section
2618 struct bfd_link_info *,
2622 Provides default handling for relaxing for back ends which
2623 don't do relaxing -- i.e., does nothing.
2628 bfd_generic_relax_section (abfd
, section
, link_info
, again
)
2631 struct bfd_link_info
*link_info
;
2640 bfd_generic_gc_sections
2643 boolean bfd_generic_gc_sections
2644 (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *);
2647 Provides default handling for relaxing for back ends which
2648 don't do section gc -- i.e., does nothing.
2653 bfd_generic_gc_sections (abfd
, link_info
)
2655 struct bfd_link_info
*link_info
;
2662 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents
2666 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents (bfd *abfd,
2667 struct bfd_link_info *link_info,
2668 struct bfd_link_order *link_order,
2670 boolean relocateable,
2674 Provides default handling of relocation effort for back ends
2675 which can't be bothered to do it efficiently.
2680 bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents (abfd
, link_info
, link_order
, data
,
2681 relocateable
, symbols
)
2683 struct bfd_link_info
*link_info
;
2684 struct bfd_link_order
*link_order
;
2686 boolean relocateable
;
2689 /* Get enough memory to hold the stuff */
2690 bfd
*input_bfd
= link_order
->u
.indirect
.section
->owner
;
2691 asection
*input_section
= link_order
->u
.indirect
.section
;
2693 long reloc_size
= bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound (input_bfd
, input_section
);
2694 arelent
**reloc_vector
= NULL
;
2700 reloc_vector
= (arelent
**) bfd_malloc ((size_t) reloc_size
);
2701 if (reloc_vector
== NULL
&& reloc_size
!= 0)
2704 /* read in the section */
2705 if (!bfd_get_section_contents (input_bfd
,
2709 input_section
->_raw_size
))
2712 /* We're not relaxing the section, so just copy the size info */
2713 input_section
->_cooked_size
= input_section
->_raw_size
;
2714 input_section
->reloc_done
= true;
2716 reloc_count
= bfd_canonicalize_reloc (input_bfd
,
2720 if (reloc_count
< 0)
2723 if (reloc_count
> 0)
2726 for (parent
= reloc_vector
; *parent
!= (arelent
*) NULL
;
2729 char *error_message
= (char *) NULL
;
2730 bfd_reloc_status_type r
=
2731 bfd_perform_relocation (input_bfd
,
2735 relocateable
? abfd
: (bfd
*) NULL
,
2740 asection
*os
= input_section
->output_section
;
2742 /* A partial link, so keep the relocs */
2743 os
->orelocation
[os
->reloc_count
] = *parent
;
2747 if (r
!= bfd_reloc_ok
)
2751 case bfd_reloc_undefined
:
2752 if (!((*link_info
->callbacks
->undefined_symbol
)
2753 (link_info
, bfd_asymbol_name (*(*parent
)->sym_ptr_ptr
),
2754 input_bfd
, input_section
, (*parent
)->address
)))
2757 case bfd_reloc_dangerous
:
2758 BFD_ASSERT (error_message
!= (char *) NULL
);
2759 if (!((*link_info
->callbacks
->reloc_dangerous
)
2760 (link_info
, error_message
, input_bfd
, input_section
,
2761 (*parent
)->address
)))
2764 case bfd_reloc_overflow
:
2765 if (!((*link_info
->callbacks
->reloc_overflow
)
2766 (link_info
, bfd_asymbol_name (*(*parent
)->sym_ptr_ptr
),
2767 (*parent
)->howto
->name
, (*parent
)->addend
,
2768 input_bfd
, input_section
, (*parent
)->address
)))
2771 case bfd_reloc_outofrange
:
2780 if (reloc_vector
!= NULL
)
2781 free (reloc_vector
);
2785 if (reloc_vector
!= NULL
)
2786 free (reloc_vector
);