Lots of random cleanups, mostly for native_theme_win.cc:
[chromium-blink-merge.git] / net / socket / socket_test_util.h
blob2918aad2dc55ec4f3b8ff5a63c0e8b584aa1af5c
1 // Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
5 #ifndef NET_SOCKET_SOCKET_TEST_UTIL_H_
6 #define NET_SOCKET_SOCKET_TEST_UTIL_H_
8 #include <cstring>
9 #include <deque>
10 #include <string>
11 #include <vector>
13 #include "base/basictypes.h"
14 #include "base/callback.h"
15 #include "base/logging.h"
16 #include "base/memory/ref_counted.h"
17 #include "base/memory/scoped_ptr.h"
18 #include "base/memory/scoped_vector.h"
19 #include "base/memory/weak_ptr.h"
20 #include "base/strings/string16.h"
21 #include "net/base/address_list.h"
22 #include "net/base/io_buffer.h"
23 #include "net/base/net_errors.h"
24 #include "net/base/net_log.h"
25 #include "net/base/test_completion_callback.h"
26 #include "net/http/http_auth_controller.h"
27 #include "net/http/http_proxy_client_socket_pool.h"
28 #include "net/socket/client_socket_factory.h"
29 #include "net/socket/client_socket_handle.h"
30 #include "net/socket/socks_client_socket_pool.h"
31 #include "net/socket/ssl_client_socket.h"
32 #include "net/socket/ssl_client_socket_pool.h"
33 #include "net/socket/transport_client_socket_pool.h"
34 #include "net/ssl/ssl_config_service.h"
35 #include "net/udp/datagram_client_socket.h"
36 #include "testing/gtest/include/gtest/gtest.h"
38 namespace net {
40 enum {
41 // A private network error code used by the socket test utility classes.
42 // If the |result| member of a MockRead is
43 // ERR_TEST_PEER_CLOSE_AFTER_NEXT_MOCK_READ, that MockRead is just a
44 // marker that indicates the peer will close the connection after the next
45 // MockRead. The other members of that MockRead are ignored.
46 ERR_TEST_PEER_CLOSE_AFTER_NEXT_MOCK_READ = -10000,
49 class AsyncSocket;
50 class MockClientSocket;
51 class ServerBoundCertService;
52 class SSLClientSocket;
53 class StreamSocket;
55 enum IoMode {
56 ASYNC,
57 SYNCHRONOUS
60 struct MockConnect {
61 // Asynchronous connection success.
62 // Creates a MockConnect with |mode| ASYC, |result| OK, and
63 // |peer_addr| 192.0.2.33.
64 MockConnect();
65 // Creates a MockConnect with the specified mode and result, with
66 // |peer_addr| 192.0.2.33.
67 MockConnect(IoMode io_mode, int r);
68 MockConnect(IoMode io_mode, int r, IPEndPoint addr);
69 ~MockConnect();
71 IoMode mode;
72 int result;
73 IPEndPoint peer_addr;
76 // MockRead and MockWrite shares the same interface and members, but we'd like
77 // to have distinct types because we don't want to have them used
78 // interchangably. To do this, a struct template is defined, and MockRead and
79 // MockWrite are instantiated by using this template. Template parameter |type|
80 // is not used in the struct definition (it purely exists for creating a new
81 // type).
83 // |data| in MockRead and MockWrite has different meanings: |data| in MockRead
84 // is the data returned from the socket when MockTCPClientSocket::Read() is
85 // attempted, while |data| in MockWrite is the expected data that should be
86 // given in MockTCPClientSocket::Write().
87 enum MockReadWriteType {
88 MOCK_READ,
89 MOCK_WRITE
92 template <MockReadWriteType type>
93 struct MockReadWrite {
94 // Flag to indicate that the message loop should be terminated.
95 enum {
96 STOPLOOP = 1 << 31
99 // Default
100 MockReadWrite()
101 : mode(SYNCHRONOUS),
102 result(0),
103 data(NULL),
104 data_len(0),
105 sequence_number(0),
106 time_stamp(base::Time::Now()) {}
108 // Read/write failure (no data).
109 MockReadWrite(IoMode io_mode, int result)
110 : mode(io_mode),
111 result(result),
112 data(NULL),
113 data_len(0),
114 sequence_number(0),
115 time_stamp(base::Time::Now()) {}
117 // Read/write failure (no data), with sequence information.
118 MockReadWrite(IoMode io_mode, int result, int seq)
119 : mode(io_mode),
120 result(result),
121 data(NULL),
122 data_len(0),
123 sequence_number(seq),
124 time_stamp(base::Time::Now()) {}
126 // Asynchronous read/write success (inferred data length).
127 explicit MockReadWrite(const char* data)
128 : mode(ASYNC),
129 result(0),
130 data(data),
131 data_len(strlen(data)),
132 sequence_number(0),
133 time_stamp(base::Time::Now()) {}
135 // Read/write success (inferred data length).
136 MockReadWrite(IoMode io_mode, const char* data)
137 : mode(io_mode),
138 result(0),
139 data(data),
140 data_len(strlen(data)),
141 sequence_number(0),
142 time_stamp(base::Time::Now()) {}
144 // Read/write success.
145 MockReadWrite(IoMode io_mode, const char* data, int data_len)
146 : mode(io_mode),
147 result(0),
148 data(data),
149 data_len(data_len),
150 sequence_number(0),
151 time_stamp(base::Time::Now()) {}
153 // Read/write success (inferred data length) with sequence information.
154 MockReadWrite(IoMode io_mode, int seq, const char* data)
155 : mode(io_mode),
156 result(0),
157 data(data),
158 data_len(strlen(data)),
159 sequence_number(seq),
160 time_stamp(base::Time::Now()) {}
162 // Read/write success with sequence information.
163 MockReadWrite(IoMode io_mode, const char* data, int data_len, int seq)
164 : mode(io_mode),
165 result(0),
166 data(data),
167 data_len(data_len),
168 sequence_number(seq),
169 time_stamp(base::Time::Now()) {}
171 IoMode mode;
172 int result;
173 const char* data;
174 int data_len;
176 // For OrderedSocketData, which only allows reads to occur in a particular
177 // sequence. If a read occurs before the given |sequence_number| is reached,
178 // an ERR_IO_PENDING is returned.
179 int sequence_number; // The sequence number at which a read is allowed
180 // to occur.
181 base::Time time_stamp; // The time stamp at which the operation occurred.
184 typedef MockReadWrite<MOCK_READ> MockRead;
185 typedef MockReadWrite<MOCK_WRITE> MockWrite;
187 struct MockWriteResult {
188 MockWriteResult(IoMode io_mode, int result) : mode(io_mode), result(result) {}
190 IoMode mode;
191 int result;
194 // The SocketDataProvider is an interface used by the MockClientSocket
195 // for getting data about individual reads and writes on the socket.
196 class SocketDataProvider {
197 public:
198 SocketDataProvider() : socket_(NULL) {}
200 virtual ~SocketDataProvider() {}
202 // Returns the buffer and result code for the next simulated read.
203 // If the |MockRead.result| is ERR_IO_PENDING, it informs the caller
204 // that it will be called via the AsyncSocket::OnReadComplete()
205 // function at a later time.
206 virtual MockRead GetNextRead() = 0;
207 virtual MockWriteResult OnWrite(const std::string& data) = 0;
208 virtual void Reset() = 0;
210 // Accessor for the socket which is using the SocketDataProvider.
211 AsyncSocket* socket() { return socket_; }
212 void set_socket(AsyncSocket* socket) { socket_ = socket; }
214 MockConnect connect_data() const { return connect_; }
215 void set_connect_data(const MockConnect& connect) { connect_ = connect; }
217 private:
218 MockConnect connect_;
219 AsyncSocket* socket_;
221 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(SocketDataProvider);
224 // The AsyncSocket is an interface used by the SocketDataProvider to
225 // complete the asynchronous read operation.
226 class AsyncSocket {
227 public:
228 // If an async IO is pending because the SocketDataProvider returned
229 // ERR_IO_PENDING, then the AsyncSocket waits until this OnReadComplete
230 // is called to complete the asynchronous read operation.
231 // data.async is ignored, and this read is completed synchronously as
232 // part of this call.
233 virtual void OnReadComplete(const MockRead& data) = 0;
234 virtual void OnConnectComplete(const MockConnect& data) = 0;
237 // SocketDataProvider which responds based on static tables of mock reads and
238 // writes.
239 class StaticSocketDataProvider : public SocketDataProvider {
240 public:
241 StaticSocketDataProvider();
242 StaticSocketDataProvider(MockRead* reads,
243 size_t reads_count,
244 MockWrite* writes,
245 size_t writes_count);
246 virtual ~StaticSocketDataProvider();
248 // These functions get access to the next available read and write data.
249 const MockRead& PeekRead() const;
250 const MockWrite& PeekWrite() const;
251 // These functions get random access to the read and write data, for timing.
252 const MockRead& PeekRead(size_t index) const;
253 const MockWrite& PeekWrite(size_t index) const;
254 size_t read_index() const { return read_index_; }
255 size_t write_index() const { return write_index_; }
256 size_t read_count() const { return read_count_; }
257 size_t write_count() const { return write_count_; }
259 bool at_read_eof() const { return read_index_ >= read_count_; }
260 bool at_write_eof() const { return write_index_ >= write_count_; }
262 virtual void CompleteRead() {}
264 // SocketDataProvider implementation.
265 virtual MockRead GetNextRead() OVERRIDE;
266 virtual MockWriteResult OnWrite(const std::string& data) OVERRIDE;
267 virtual void Reset() OVERRIDE;
269 private:
270 MockRead* reads_;
271 size_t read_index_;
272 size_t read_count_;
273 MockWrite* writes_;
274 size_t write_index_;
275 size_t write_count_;
277 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(StaticSocketDataProvider);
280 // SocketDataProvider which can make decisions about next mock reads based on
281 // received writes. It can also be used to enforce order of operations, for
282 // example that tested code must send the "Hello!" message before receiving
283 // response. This is useful for testing conversation-like protocols like FTP.
284 class DynamicSocketDataProvider : public SocketDataProvider {
285 public:
286 DynamicSocketDataProvider();
287 virtual ~DynamicSocketDataProvider();
289 int short_read_limit() const { return short_read_limit_; }
290 void set_short_read_limit(int limit) { short_read_limit_ = limit; }
292 void allow_unconsumed_reads(bool allow) { allow_unconsumed_reads_ = allow; }
294 // SocketDataProvider implementation.
295 virtual MockRead GetNextRead() OVERRIDE;
296 virtual MockWriteResult OnWrite(const std::string& data) = 0;
297 virtual void Reset() OVERRIDE;
299 protected:
300 // The next time there is a read from this socket, it will return |data|.
301 // Before calling SimulateRead next time, the previous data must be consumed.
302 void SimulateRead(const char* data, size_t length);
303 void SimulateRead(const char* data) { SimulateRead(data, std::strlen(data)); }
305 private:
306 std::deque<MockRead> reads_;
308 // Max number of bytes we will read at a time. 0 means no limit.
309 int short_read_limit_;
311 // If true, we'll not require the client to consume all data before we
312 // mock the next read.
313 bool allow_unconsumed_reads_;
315 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(DynamicSocketDataProvider);
318 // SSLSocketDataProviders only need to keep track of the return code from calls
319 // to Connect().
320 struct SSLSocketDataProvider {
321 SSLSocketDataProvider(IoMode mode, int result);
322 ~SSLSocketDataProvider();
324 void SetNextProto(NextProto proto);
326 MockConnect connect;
327 SSLClientSocket::NextProtoStatus next_proto_status;
328 std::string next_proto;
329 std::string server_protos;
330 bool was_npn_negotiated;
331 NextProto protocol_negotiated;
332 bool client_cert_sent;
333 SSLCertRequestInfo* cert_request_info;
334 scoped_refptr<X509Certificate> cert;
335 bool channel_id_sent;
336 ServerBoundCertService* server_bound_cert_service;
337 int connection_status;
340 // A DataProvider where the client must write a request before the reads (e.g.
341 // the response) will complete.
342 class DelayedSocketData : public StaticSocketDataProvider {
343 public:
344 // |write_delay| the number of MockWrites to complete before allowing
345 // a MockRead to complete.
346 // |reads| the list of MockRead completions.
347 // |writes| the list of MockWrite completions.
348 // Note: For stream sockets, the MockRead list must end with a EOF, e.g., a
349 // MockRead(true, 0, 0);
350 DelayedSocketData(int write_delay,
351 MockRead* reads,
352 size_t reads_count,
353 MockWrite* writes,
354 size_t writes_count);
356 // |connect| the result for the connect phase.
357 // |reads| the list of MockRead completions.
358 // |write_delay| the number of MockWrites to complete before allowing
359 // a MockRead to complete.
360 // |writes| the list of MockWrite completions.
361 // Note: For stream sockets, the MockRead list must end with a EOF, e.g., a
362 // MockRead(true, 0, 0);
363 DelayedSocketData(const MockConnect& connect,
364 int write_delay,
365 MockRead* reads,
366 size_t reads_count,
367 MockWrite* writes,
368 size_t writes_count);
369 virtual ~DelayedSocketData();
371 void ForceNextRead();
373 // StaticSocketDataProvider:
374 virtual MockRead GetNextRead() OVERRIDE;
375 virtual MockWriteResult OnWrite(const std::string& data) OVERRIDE;
376 virtual void Reset() OVERRIDE;
377 virtual void CompleteRead() OVERRIDE;
379 private:
380 int write_delay_;
381 bool read_in_progress_;
383 base::WeakPtrFactory<DelayedSocketData> weak_factory_;
385 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(DelayedSocketData);
388 // A DataProvider where the reads are ordered.
389 // If a read is requested before its sequence number is reached, we return an
390 // ERR_IO_PENDING (that way we don't have to explicitly add a MockRead just to
391 // wait).
392 // The sequence number is incremented on every read and write operation.
393 // The message loop may be interrupted by setting the high bit of the sequence
394 // number in the MockRead's sequence number. When that MockRead is reached,
395 // we post a Quit message to the loop. This allows us to interrupt the reading
396 // of data before a complete message has arrived, and provides support for
397 // testing server push when the request is issued while the response is in the
398 // middle of being received.
399 class OrderedSocketData : public StaticSocketDataProvider {
400 public:
401 // |reads| the list of MockRead completions.
402 // |writes| the list of MockWrite completions.
403 // Note: All MockReads and MockWrites must be async.
404 // Note: For stream sockets, the MockRead list must end with a EOF, e.g., a
405 // MockRead(true, 0, 0);
406 OrderedSocketData(MockRead* reads,
407 size_t reads_count,
408 MockWrite* writes,
409 size_t writes_count);
410 virtual ~OrderedSocketData();
412 // |connect| the result for the connect phase.
413 // |reads| the list of MockRead completions.
414 // |writes| the list of MockWrite completions.
415 // Note: All MockReads and MockWrites must be async.
416 // Note: For stream sockets, the MockRead list must end with a EOF, e.g., a
417 // MockRead(true, 0, 0);
418 OrderedSocketData(const MockConnect& connect,
419 MockRead* reads,
420 size_t reads_count,
421 MockWrite* writes,
422 size_t writes_count);
424 // Posts a quit message to the current message loop, if one is running.
425 void EndLoop();
427 // StaticSocketDataProvider:
428 virtual MockRead GetNextRead() OVERRIDE;
429 virtual MockWriteResult OnWrite(const std::string& data) OVERRIDE;
430 virtual void Reset() OVERRIDE;
431 virtual void CompleteRead() OVERRIDE;
433 private:
434 int sequence_number_;
435 int loop_stop_stage_;
436 bool blocked_;
438 base::WeakPtrFactory<OrderedSocketData> weak_factory_;
440 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(OrderedSocketData);
443 class DeterministicMockTCPClientSocket;
445 // This class gives the user full control over the network activity,
446 // specifically the timing of the COMPLETION of I/O operations. Regardless of
447 // the order in which I/O operations are initiated, this class ensures that they
448 // complete in the correct order.
450 // Network activity is modeled as a sequence of numbered steps which is
451 // incremented whenever an I/O operation completes. This can happen under two
452 // different circumstances:
454 // 1) Performing a synchronous I/O operation. (Invoking Read() or Write()
455 // when the corresponding MockRead or MockWrite is marked !async).
456 // 2) Running the Run() method of this class. The run method will invoke
457 // the current MessageLoop, running all pending events, and will then
458 // invoke any pending IO callbacks.
460 // In addition, this class allows for I/O processing to "stop" at a specified
461 // step, by calling SetStop(int) or StopAfter(int). Initiating an I/O operation
462 // by calling Read() or Write() while stopped is permitted if the operation is
463 // asynchronous. It is an error to perform synchronous I/O while stopped.
465 // When creating the MockReads and MockWrites, note that the sequence number
466 // refers to the number of the step in which the I/O will complete. In the
467 // case of synchronous I/O, this will be the same step as the I/O is initiated.
468 // However, in the case of asynchronous I/O, this I/O may be initiated in
469 // a much earlier step. Furthermore, when the a Read() or Write() is separated
470 // from its completion by other Read() or Writes()'s, it can not be marked
471 // synchronous. If it is, ERR_UNUEXPECTED will be returned indicating that a
472 // synchronous Read() or Write() could not be completed synchronously because of
473 // the specific ordering constraints.
475 // Sequence numbers are preserved across both reads and writes. There should be
476 // no gaps in sequence numbers, and no repeated sequence numbers. i.e.
477 // MockRead reads[] = {
478 // MockRead(false, "first read", length, 0) // sync
479 // MockRead(true, "second read", length, 2) // async
480 // };
481 // MockWrite writes[] = {
482 // MockWrite(true, "first write", length, 1), // async
483 // MockWrite(false, "second write", length, 3), // sync
484 // };
486 // Example control flow:
487 // Read() is called. The current step is 0. The first available read is
488 // synchronous, so the call to Read() returns length. The current step is
489 // now 1. Next, Read() is called again. The next available read can
490 // not be completed until step 2, so Read() returns ERR_IO_PENDING. The current
491 // step is still 1. Write is called(). The first available write is able to
492 // complete in this step, but is marked asynchronous. Write() returns
493 // ERR_IO_PENDING. The current step is still 1. At this point RunFor(1) is
494 // called which will cause the write callback to be invoked, and will then
495 // stop. The current state is now 2. RunFor(1) is called again, which
496 // causes the read callback to be invoked, and will then stop. Then current
497 // step is 2. Write() is called again. Then next available write is
498 // synchronous so the call to Write() returns length.
500 // For examples of how to use this class, see:
501 // deterministic_socket_data_unittests.cc
502 class DeterministicSocketData : public StaticSocketDataProvider {
503 public:
504 // The Delegate is an abstract interface which handles the communication from
505 // the DeterministicSocketData to the Deterministic MockSocket. The
506 // MockSockets directly store a pointer to the DeterministicSocketData,
507 // whereas the DeterministicSocketData only stores a pointer to the
508 // abstract Delegate interface.
509 class Delegate {
510 public:
511 // Returns true if there is currently a write pending. That is to say, if
512 // an asynchronous write has been started but the callback has not been
513 // invoked.
514 virtual bool WritePending() const = 0;
515 // Returns true if there is currently a read pending. That is to say, if
516 // an asynchronous read has been started but the callback has not been
517 // invoked.
518 virtual bool ReadPending() const = 0;
519 // Called to complete an asynchronous write to execute the write callback.
520 virtual void CompleteWrite() = 0;
521 // Called to complete an asynchronous read to execute the read callback.
522 virtual int CompleteRead() = 0;
524 protected:
525 virtual ~Delegate() {}
528 // |reads| the list of MockRead completions.
529 // |writes| the list of MockWrite completions.
530 DeterministicSocketData(MockRead* reads,
531 size_t reads_count,
532 MockWrite* writes,
533 size_t writes_count);
534 virtual ~DeterministicSocketData();
536 // Consume all the data up to the give stop point (via SetStop()).
537 void Run();
539 // Set the stop point to be |steps| from now, and then invoke Run().
540 void RunFor(int steps);
542 // Stop at step |seq|, which must be in the future.
543 virtual void SetStop(int seq);
545 // Stop |seq| steps after the current step.
546 virtual void StopAfter(int seq);
547 bool stopped() const { return stopped_; }
548 void SetStopped(bool val) { stopped_ = val; }
549 MockRead& current_read() { return current_read_; }
550 MockWrite& current_write() { return current_write_; }
551 int sequence_number() const { return sequence_number_; }
552 void set_delegate(base::WeakPtr<Delegate> delegate) { delegate_ = delegate; }
554 // StaticSocketDataProvider:
556 // When the socket calls Read(), that calls GetNextRead(), and expects either
557 // ERR_IO_PENDING or data.
558 virtual MockRead GetNextRead() OVERRIDE;
560 // When the socket calls Write(), it always completes synchronously. OnWrite()
561 // checks to make sure the written data matches the expected data. The
562 // callback will not be invoked until its sequence number is reached.
563 virtual MockWriteResult OnWrite(const std::string& data) OVERRIDE;
564 virtual void Reset() OVERRIDE;
565 virtual void CompleteRead() OVERRIDE {}
567 private:
568 // Invoke the read and write callbacks, if the timing is appropriate.
569 void InvokeCallbacks();
571 void NextStep();
573 void VerifyCorrectSequenceNumbers(MockRead* reads,
574 size_t reads_count,
575 MockWrite* writes,
576 size_t writes_count);
578 int sequence_number_;
579 MockRead current_read_;
580 MockWrite current_write_;
581 int stopping_sequence_number_;
582 bool stopped_;
583 base::WeakPtr<Delegate> delegate_;
584 bool print_debug_;
585 bool is_running_;
588 // Holds an array of SocketDataProvider elements. As Mock{TCP,SSL}StreamSocket
589 // objects get instantiated, they take their data from the i'th element of this
590 // array.
591 template <typename T>
592 class SocketDataProviderArray {
593 public:
594 SocketDataProviderArray() : next_index_(0) {}
596 T* GetNext() {
597 DCHECK_LT(next_index_, data_providers_.size());
598 return data_providers_[next_index_++];
601 void Add(T* data_provider) {
602 DCHECK(data_provider);
603 data_providers_.push_back(data_provider);
606 size_t next_index() { return next_index_; }
608 void ResetNextIndex() { next_index_ = 0; }
610 private:
611 // Index of the next |data_providers_| element to use. Not an iterator
612 // because those are invalidated on vector reallocation.
613 size_t next_index_;
615 // SocketDataProviders to be returned.
616 std::vector<T*> data_providers_;
619 class MockUDPClientSocket;
620 class MockTCPClientSocket;
621 class MockSSLClientSocket;
623 // ClientSocketFactory which contains arrays of sockets of each type.
624 // You should first fill the arrays using AddMock{SSL,}Socket. When the factory
625 // is asked to create a socket, it takes next entry from appropriate array.
626 // You can use ResetNextMockIndexes to reset that next entry index for all mock
627 // socket types.
628 class MockClientSocketFactory : public ClientSocketFactory {
629 public:
630 MockClientSocketFactory();
631 virtual ~MockClientSocketFactory();
633 void AddSocketDataProvider(SocketDataProvider* socket);
634 void AddSSLSocketDataProvider(SSLSocketDataProvider* socket);
635 void ResetNextMockIndexes();
637 SocketDataProviderArray<SocketDataProvider>& mock_data() {
638 return mock_data_;
641 // ClientSocketFactory
642 virtual scoped_ptr<DatagramClientSocket> CreateDatagramClientSocket(
643 DatagramSocket::BindType bind_type,
644 const RandIntCallback& rand_int_cb,
645 NetLog* net_log,
646 const NetLog::Source& source) OVERRIDE;
647 virtual scoped_ptr<StreamSocket> CreateTransportClientSocket(
648 const AddressList& addresses,
649 NetLog* net_log,
650 const NetLog::Source& source) OVERRIDE;
651 virtual scoped_ptr<SSLClientSocket> CreateSSLClientSocket(
652 scoped_ptr<ClientSocketHandle> transport_socket,
653 const HostPortPair& host_and_port,
654 const SSLConfig& ssl_config,
655 const SSLClientSocketContext& context) OVERRIDE;
656 virtual void ClearSSLSessionCache() OVERRIDE;
658 private:
659 SocketDataProviderArray<SocketDataProvider> mock_data_;
660 SocketDataProviderArray<SSLSocketDataProvider> mock_ssl_data_;
663 class MockClientSocket : public SSLClientSocket {
664 public:
665 // Value returned by GetTLSUniqueChannelBinding().
666 static const char kTlsUnique[];
668 // The BoundNetLog is needed to test LoadTimingInfo, which uses NetLog IDs as
669 // unique socket IDs.
670 explicit MockClientSocket(const BoundNetLog& net_log);
672 // Socket implementation.
673 virtual int Read(IOBuffer* buf,
674 int buf_len,
675 const CompletionCallback& callback) = 0;
676 virtual int Write(IOBuffer* buf,
677 int buf_len,
678 const CompletionCallback& callback) = 0;
679 virtual int SetReceiveBufferSize(int32 size) OVERRIDE;
680 virtual int SetSendBufferSize(int32 size) OVERRIDE;
682 // StreamSocket implementation.
683 virtual int Connect(const CompletionCallback& callback) = 0;
684 virtual void Disconnect() OVERRIDE;
685 virtual bool IsConnected() const OVERRIDE;
686 virtual bool IsConnectedAndIdle() const OVERRIDE;
687 virtual int GetPeerAddress(IPEndPoint* address) const OVERRIDE;
688 virtual int GetLocalAddress(IPEndPoint* address) const OVERRIDE;
689 virtual const BoundNetLog& NetLog() const OVERRIDE;
690 virtual void SetSubresourceSpeculation() OVERRIDE {}
691 virtual void SetOmniboxSpeculation() OVERRIDE {}
693 // SSLClientSocket implementation.
694 virtual void GetSSLCertRequestInfo(SSLCertRequestInfo* cert_request_info)
695 OVERRIDE;
696 virtual int ExportKeyingMaterial(const base::StringPiece& label,
697 bool has_context,
698 const base::StringPiece& context,
699 unsigned char* out,
700 unsigned int outlen) OVERRIDE;
701 virtual int GetTLSUniqueChannelBinding(std::string* out) OVERRIDE;
702 virtual NextProtoStatus GetNextProto(std::string* proto,
703 std::string* server_protos) OVERRIDE;
704 virtual ServerBoundCertService* GetServerBoundCertService() const OVERRIDE;
706 protected:
707 virtual ~MockClientSocket();
708 void RunCallbackAsync(const CompletionCallback& callback, int result);
709 void RunCallback(const CompletionCallback& callback, int result);
711 // SSLClientSocket implementation.
712 virtual scoped_refptr<X509Certificate> GetUnverifiedServerCertificateChain()
713 const OVERRIDE;
715 // True if Connect completed successfully and Disconnect hasn't been called.
716 bool connected_;
718 // Address of the "remote" peer we're connected to.
719 IPEndPoint peer_addr_;
721 BoundNetLog net_log_;
723 base::WeakPtrFactory<MockClientSocket> weak_factory_;
725 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MockClientSocket);
728 class MockTCPClientSocket : public MockClientSocket, public AsyncSocket {
729 public:
730 MockTCPClientSocket(const AddressList& addresses,
731 net::NetLog* net_log,
732 SocketDataProvider* socket);
733 virtual ~MockTCPClientSocket();
735 const AddressList& addresses() const { return addresses_; }
737 // Socket implementation.
738 virtual int Read(IOBuffer* buf,
739 int buf_len,
740 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
741 virtual int Write(IOBuffer* buf,
742 int buf_len,
743 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
745 // StreamSocket implementation.
746 virtual int Connect(const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
747 virtual void Disconnect() OVERRIDE;
748 virtual bool IsConnected() const OVERRIDE;
749 virtual bool IsConnectedAndIdle() const OVERRIDE;
750 virtual int GetPeerAddress(IPEndPoint* address) const OVERRIDE;
751 virtual bool WasEverUsed() const OVERRIDE;
752 virtual bool UsingTCPFastOpen() const OVERRIDE;
753 virtual bool WasNpnNegotiated() const OVERRIDE;
754 virtual bool GetSSLInfo(SSLInfo* ssl_info) OVERRIDE;
756 // AsyncSocket:
757 virtual void OnReadComplete(const MockRead& data) OVERRIDE;
758 virtual void OnConnectComplete(const MockConnect& data) OVERRIDE;
760 private:
761 int CompleteRead();
763 AddressList addresses_;
765 SocketDataProvider* data_;
766 int read_offset_;
767 MockRead read_data_;
768 bool need_read_data_;
770 // True if the peer has closed the connection. This allows us to simulate
771 // the recv(..., MSG_PEEK) call in the IsConnectedAndIdle method of the real
772 // TCPClientSocket.
773 bool peer_closed_connection_;
775 // While an asynchronous IO is pending, we save our user-buffer state.
776 scoped_refptr<IOBuffer> pending_buf_;
777 int pending_buf_len_;
778 CompletionCallback pending_callback_;
779 bool was_used_to_convey_data_;
781 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MockTCPClientSocket);
784 // DeterministicSocketHelper is a helper class that can be used
785 // to simulate net::Socket::Read() and net::Socket::Write()
786 // using deterministic |data|.
787 // Note: This is provided as a common helper class because
788 // of the inheritance hierarchy of DeterministicMock[UDP,TCP]ClientSocket and a
789 // desire not to introduce an additional common base class.
790 class DeterministicSocketHelper {
791 public:
792 DeterministicSocketHelper(net::NetLog* net_log,
793 DeterministicSocketData* data);
794 virtual ~DeterministicSocketHelper();
796 bool write_pending() const { return write_pending_; }
797 bool read_pending() const { return read_pending_; }
799 void CompleteWrite();
800 int CompleteRead();
802 int Write(IOBuffer* buf, int buf_len, const CompletionCallback& callback);
803 int Read(IOBuffer* buf, int buf_len, const CompletionCallback& callback);
805 const BoundNetLog& net_log() const { return net_log_; }
807 bool was_used_to_convey_data() const { return was_used_to_convey_data_; }
809 bool peer_closed_connection() const { return peer_closed_connection_; }
811 DeterministicSocketData* data() const { return data_; }
813 private:
814 bool write_pending_;
815 CompletionCallback write_callback_;
816 int write_result_;
818 MockRead read_data_;
820 IOBuffer* read_buf_;
821 int read_buf_len_;
822 bool read_pending_;
823 CompletionCallback read_callback_;
824 DeterministicSocketData* data_;
825 bool was_used_to_convey_data_;
826 bool peer_closed_connection_;
827 BoundNetLog net_log_;
830 // Mock UDP socket to be used in conjunction with DeterministicSocketData.
831 class DeterministicMockUDPClientSocket
832 : public DatagramClientSocket,
833 public AsyncSocket,
834 public DeterministicSocketData::Delegate,
835 public base::SupportsWeakPtr<DeterministicMockUDPClientSocket> {
836 public:
837 DeterministicMockUDPClientSocket(net::NetLog* net_log,
838 DeterministicSocketData* data);
839 virtual ~DeterministicMockUDPClientSocket();
841 // DeterministicSocketData::Delegate:
842 virtual bool WritePending() const OVERRIDE;
843 virtual bool ReadPending() const OVERRIDE;
844 virtual void CompleteWrite() OVERRIDE;
845 virtual int CompleteRead() OVERRIDE;
847 // Socket implementation.
848 virtual int Read(IOBuffer* buf,
849 int buf_len,
850 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
851 virtual int Write(IOBuffer* buf,
852 int buf_len,
853 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
854 virtual int SetReceiveBufferSize(int32 size) OVERRIDE;
855 virtual int SetSendBufferSize(int32 size) OVERRIDE;
857 // DatagramSocket implementation.
858 virtual void Close() OVERRIDE;
859 virtual int GetPeerAddress(IPEndPoint* address) const OVERRIDE;
860 virtual int GetLocalAddress(IPEndPoint* address) const OVERRIDE;
861 virtual const BoundNetLog& NetLog() const OVERRIDE;
863 // DatagramClientSocket implementation.
864 virtual int Connect(const IPEndPoint& address) OVERRIDE;
866 // AsyncSocket implementation.
867 virtual void OnReadComplete(const MockRead& data) OVERRIDE;
868 virtual void OnConnectComplete(const MockConnect& data) OVERRIDE;
870 void set_source_port(int port) { source_port_ = port; }
872 private:
873 bool connected_;
874 IPEndPoint peer_address_;
875 DeterministicSocketHelper helper_;
876 int source_port_; // Ephemeral source port.
878 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(DeterministicMockUDPClientSocket);
881 // Mock TCP socket to be used in conjunction with DeterministicSocketData.
882 class DeterministicMockTCPClientSocket
883 : public MockClientSocket,
884 public AsyncSocket,
885 public DeterministicSocketData::Delegate,
886 public base::SupportsWeakPtr<DeterministicMockTCPClientSocket> {
887 public:
888 DeterministicMockTCPClientSocket(net::NetLog* net_log,
889 DeterministicSocketData* data);
890 virtual ~DeterministicMockTCPClientSocket();
892 // DeterministicSocketData::Delegate:
893 virtual bool WritePending() const OVERRIDE;
894 virtual bool ReadPending() const OVERRIDE;
895 virtual void CompleteWrite() OVERRIDE;
896 virtual int CompleteRead() OVERRIDE;
898 // Socket:
899 virtual int Write(IOBuffer* buf,
900 int buf_len,
901 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
902 virtual int Read(IOBuffer* buf,
903 int buf_len,
904 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
906 // StreamSocket:
907 virtual int Connect(const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
908 virtual void Disconnect() OVERRIDE;
909 virtual bool IsConnected() const OVERRIDE;
910 virtual bool IsConnectedAndIdle() const OVERRIDE;
911 virtual bool WasEverUsed() const OVERRIDE;
912 virtual bool UsingTCPFastOpen() const OVERRIDE;
913 virtual bool WasNpnNegotiated() const OVERRIDE;
914 virtual bool GetSSLInfo(SSLInfo* ssl_info) OVERRIDE;
916 // AsyncSocket:
917 virtual void OnReadComplete(const MockRead& data) OVERRIDE;
918 virtual void OnConnectComplete(const MockConnect& data) OVERRIDE;
920 private:
921 DeterministicSocketHelper helper_;
923 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(DeterministicMockTCPClientSocket);
926 class MockSSLClientSocket : public MockClientSocket, public AsyncSocket {
927 public:
928 MockSSLClientSocket(scoped_ptr<ClientSocketHandle> transport_socket,
929 const HostPortPair& host_and_port,
930 const SSLConfig& ssl_config,
931 SSLSocketDataProvider* socket);
932 virtual ~MockSSLClientSocket();
934 // Socket implementation.
935 virtual int Read(IOBuffer* buf,
936 int buf_len,
937 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
938 virtual int Write(IOBuffer* buf,
939 int buf_len,
940 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
942 // StreamSocket implementation.
943 virtual int Connect(const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
944 virtual void Disconnect() OVERRIDE;
945 virtual bool IsConnected() const OVERRIDE;
946 virtual bool WasEverUsed() const OVERRIDE;
947 virtual bool UsingTCPFastOpen() const OVERRIDE;
948 virtual int GetPeerAddress(IPEndPoint* address) const OVERRIDE;
949 virtual bool WasNpnNegotiated() const OVERRIDE;
950 virtual bool GetSSLInfo(SSLInfo* ssl_info) OVERRIDE;
952 // SSLClientSocket implementation.
953 virtual void GetSSLCertRequestInfo(SSLCertRequestInfo* cert_request_info)
954 OVERRIDE;
955 virtual NextProtoStatus GetNextProto(std::string* proto,
956 std::string* server_protos) OVERRIDE;
957 virtual bool set_was_npn_negotiated(bool negotiated) OVERRIDE;
958 virtual void set_protocol_negotiated(NextProto protocol_negotiated) OVERRIDE;
959 virtual NextProto GetNegotiatedProtocol() const OVERRIDE;
961 // This MockSocket does not implement the manual async IO feature.
962 virtual void OnReadComplete(const MockRead& data) OVERRIDE;
963 virtual void OnConnectComplete(const MockConnect& data) OVERRIDE;
965 virtual bool WasChannelIDSent() const OVERRIDE;
966 virtual void set_channel_id_sent(bool channel_id_sent) OVERRIDE;
967 virtual ServerBoundCertService* GetServerBoundCertService() const OVERRIDE;
969 private:
970 static void ConnectCallback(MockSSLClientSocket* ssl_client_socket,
971 const CompletionCallback& callback,
972 int rv);
974 scoped_ptr<ClientSocketHandle> transport_;
975 SSLSocketDataProvider* data_;
976 bool is_npn_state_set_;
977 bool new_npn_value_;
978 bool is_protocol_negotiated_set_;
979 NextProto protocol_negotiated_;
981 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MockSSLClientSocket);
984 class MockUDPClientSocket : public DatagramClientSocket, public AsyncSocket {
985 public:
986 MockUDPClientSocket(SocketDataProvider* data, net::NetLog* net_log);
987 virtual ~MockUDPClientSocket();
989 // Socket implementation.
990 virtual int Read(IOBuffer* buf,
991 int buf_len,
992 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
993 virtual int Write(IOBuffer* buf,
994 int buf_len,
995 const CompletionCallback& callback) OVERRIDE;
996 virtual int SetReceiveBufferSize(int32 size) OVERRIDE;
997 virtual int SetSendBufferSize(int32 size) OVERRIDE;
999 // DatagramSocket implementation.
1000 virtual void Close() OVERRIDE;
1001 virtual int GetPeerAddress(IPEndPoint* address) const OVERRIDE;
1002 virtual int GetLocalAddress(IPEndPoint* address) const OVERRIDE;
1003 virtual const BoundNetLog& NetLog() const OVERRIDE;
1005 // DatagramClientSocket implementation.
1006 virtual int Connect(const IPEndPoint& address) OVERRIDE;
1008 // AsyncSocket implementation.
1009 virtual void OnReadComplete(const MockRead& data) OVERRIDE;
1010 virtual void OnConnectComplete(const MockConnect& data) OVERRIDE;
1012 void set_source_port(int port) { source_port_ = port;}
1014 private:
1015 int CompleteRead();
1017 void RunCallbackAsync(const CompletionCallback& callback, int result);
1018 void RunCallback(const CompletionCallback& callback, int result);
1020 bool connected_;
1021 SocketDataProvider* data_;
1022 int read_offset_;
1023 MockRead read_data_;
1024 bool need_read_data_;
1025 int source_port_; // Ephemeral source port.
1027 // Address of the "remote" peer we're connected to.
1028 IPEndPoint peer_addr_;
1030 // While an asynchronous IO is pending, we save our user-buffer state.
1031 scoped_refptr<IOBuffer> pending_buf_;
1032 int pending_buf_len_;
1033 CompletionCallback pending_callback_;
1035 BoundNetLog net_log_;
1037 base::WeakPtrFactory<MockUDPClientSocket> weak_factory_;
1039 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MockUDPClientSocket);
1042 class TestSocketRequest : public TestCompletionCallbackBase {
1043 public:
1044 TestSocketRequest(std::vector<TestSocketRequest*>* request_order,
1045 size_t* completion_count);
1046 virtual ~TestSocketRequest();
1048 ClientSocketHandle* handle() { return &handle_; }
1050 const net::CompletionCallback& callback() const { return callback_; }
1052 private:
1053 void OnComplete(int result);
1055 ClientSocketHandle handle_;
1056 std::vector<TestSocketRequest*>* request_order_;
1057 size_t* completion_count_;
1058 CompletionCallback callback_;
1060 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TestSocketRequest);
1063 class ClientSocketPoolTest {
1064 public:
1065 enum KeepAlive {
1066 KEEP_ALIVE,
1068 // A socket will be disconnected in addition to handle being reset.
1069 NO_KEEP_ALIVE,
1072 static const int kIndexOutOfBounds;
1073 static const int kRequestNotFound;
1075 ClientSocketPoolTest();
1076 ~ClientSocketPoolTest();
1078 template <typename PoolType>
1079 int StartRequestUsingPool(
1080 PoolType* socket_pool,
1081 const std::string& group_name,
1082 RequestPriority priority,
1083 const scoped_refptr<typename PoolType::SocketParams>& socket_params) {
1084 DCHECK(socket_pool);
1085 TestSocketRequest* request =
1086 new TestSocketRequest(&request_order_, &completion_count_);
1087 requests_.push_back(request);
1088 int rv = request->handle()->Init(group_name,
1089 socket_params,
1090 priority,
1091 request->callback(),
1092 socket_pool,
1093 BoundNetLog());
1094 if (rv != ERR_IO_PENDING)
1095 request_order_.push_back(request);
1096 return rv;
1099 // Provided there were n requests started, takes |index| in range 1..n
1100 // and returns order in which that request completed, in range 1..n,
1101 // or kIndexOutOfBounds if |index| is out of bounds, or kRequestNotFound
1102 // if that request did not complete (for example was canceled).
1103 int GetOrderOfRequest(size_t index) const;
1105 // Resets first initialized socket handle from |requests_|. If found such
1106 // a handle, returns true.
1107 bool ReleaseOneConnection(KeepAlive keep_alive);
1109 // Releases connections until there is nothing to release.
1110 void ReleaseAllConnections(KeepAlive keep_alive);
1112 // Note that this uses 0-based indices, while GetOrderOfRequest takes and
1113 // returns 0-based indices.
1114 TestSocketRequest* request(int i) { return requests_[i]; }
1116 size_t requests_size() const { return requests_.size(); }
1117 ScopedVector<TestSocketRequest>* requests() { return &requests_; }
1118 size_t completion_count() const { return completion_count_; }
1120 private:
1121 ScopedVector<TestSocketRequest> requests_;
1122 std::vector<TestSocketRequest*> request_order_;
1123 size_t completion_count_;
1125 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ClientSocketPoolTest);
1128 class MockTransportSocketParams
1129 : public base::RefCounted<MockTransportSocketParams> {
1130 private:
1131 friend class base::RefCounted<MockTransportSocketParams>;
1132 ~MockTransportSocketParams() {}
1134 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MockTransportSocketParams);
1137 class MockTransportClientSocketPool : public TransportClientSocketPool {
1138 public:
1139 typedef MockTransportSocketParams SocketParams;
1141 class MockConnectJob {
1142 public:
1143 MockConnectJob(scoped_ptr<StreamSocket> socket,
1144 ClientSocketHandle* handle,
1145 const CompletionCallback& callback);
1146 ~MockConnectJob();
1148 int Connect();
1149 bool CancelHandle(const ClientSocketHandle* handle);
1151 private:
1152 void OnConnect(int rv);
1154 scoped_ptr<StreamSocket> socket_;
1155 ClientSocketHandle* handle_;
1156 CompletionCallback user_callback_;
1158 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MockConnectJob);
1161 MockTransportClientSocketPool(int max_sockets,
1162 int max_sockets_per_group,
1163 ClientSocketPoolHistograms* histograms,
1164 ClientSocketFactory* socket_factory);
1166 virtual ~MockTransportClientSocketPool();
1168 RequestPriority last_request_priority() const {
1169 return last_request_priority_;
1171 int release_count() const { return release_count_; }
1172 int cancel_count() const { return cancel_count_; }
1174 // TransportClientSocketPool implementation.
1175 virtual int RequestSocket(const std::string& group_name,
1176 const void* socket_params,
1177 RequestPriority priority,
1178 ClientSocketHandle* handle,
1179 const CompletionCallback& callback,
1180 const BoundNetLog& net_log) OVERRIDE;
1182 virtual void CancelRequest(const std::string& group_name,
1183 ClientSocketHandle* handle) OVERRIDE;
1184 virtual void ReleaseSocket(const std::string& group_name,
1185 scoped_ptr<StreamSocket> socket,
1186 int id) OVERRIDE;
1188 private:
1189 ClientSocketFactory* client_socket_factory_;
1190 ScopedVector<MockConnectJob> job_list_;
1191 RequestPriority last_request_priority_;
1192 int release_count_;
1193 int cancel_count_;
1195 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MockTransportClientSocketPool);
1198 class DeterministicMockClientSocketFactory : public ClientSocketFactory {
1199 public:
1200 DeterministicMockClientSocketFactory();
1201 virtual ~DeterministicMockClientSocketFactory();
1203 void AddSocketDataProvider(DeterministicSocketData* socket);
1204 void AddSSLSocketDataProvider(SSLSocketDataProvider* socket);
1205 void ResetNextMockIndexes();
1207 // Return |index|-th MockSSLClientSocket (starting from 0) that the factory
1208 // created.
1209 MockSSLClientSocket* GetMockSSLClientSocket(size_t index) const;
1211 SocketDataProviderArray<DeterministicSocketData>& mock_data() {
1212 return mock_data_;
1214 std::vector<DeterministicMockTCPClientSocket*>& tcp_client_sockets() {
1215 return tcp_client_sockets_;
1217 std::vector<DeterministicMockUDPClientSocket*>& udp_client_sockets() {
1218 return udp_client_sockets_;
1221 // ClientSocketFactory
1222 virtual scoped_ptr<DatagramClientSocket> CreateDatagramClientSocket(
1223 DatagramSocket::BindType bind_type,
1224 const RandIntCallback& rand_int_cb,
1225 NetLog* net_log,
1226 const NetLog::Source& source) OVERRIDE;
1227 virtual scoped_ptr<StreamSocket> CreateTransportClientSocket(
1228 const AddressList& addresses,
1229 NetLog* net_log,
1230 const NetLog::Source& source) OVERRIDE;
1231 virtual scoped_ptr<SSLClientSocket> CreateSSLClientSocket(
1232 scoped_ptr<ClientSocketHandle> transport_socket,
1233 const HostPortPair& host_and_port,
1234 const SSLConfig& ssl_config,
1235 const SSLClientSocketContext& context) OVERRIDE;
1236 virtual void ClearSSLSessionCache() OVERRIDE;
1238 private:
1239 SocketDataProviderArray<DeterministicSocketData> mock_data_;
1240 SocketDataProviderArray<SSLSocketDataProvider> mock_ssl_data_;
1242 // Store pointers to handed out sockets in case the test wants to get them.
1243 std::vector<DeterministicMockTCPClientSocket*> tcp_client_sockets_;
1244 std::vector<DeterministicMockUDPClientSocket*> udp_client_sockets_;
1245 std::vector<MockSSLClientSocket*> ssl_client_sockets_;
1247 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(DeterministicMockClientSocketFactory);
1250 class MockSOCKSClientSocketPool : public SOCKSClientSocketPool {
1251 public:
1252 MockSOCKSClientSocketPool(int max_sockets,
1253 int max_sockets_per_group,
1254 ClientSocketPoolHistograms* histograms,
1255 TransportClientSocketPool* transport_pool);
1257 virtual ~MockSOCKSClientSocketPool();
1259 // SOCKSClientSocketPool implementation.
1260 virtual int RequestSocket(const std::string& group_name,
1261 const void* socket_params,
1262 RequestPriority priority,
1263 ClientSocketHandle* handle,
1264 const CompletionCallback& callback,
1265 const BoundNetLog& net_log) OVERRIDE;
1267 virtual void CancelRequest(const std::string& group_name,
1268 ClientSocketHandle* handle) OVERRIDE;
1269 virtual void ReleaseSocket(const std::string& group_name,
1270 scoped_ptr<StreamSocket> socket,
1271 int id) OVERRIDE;
1273 private:
1274 TransportClientSocketPool* const transport_pool_;
1276 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MockSOCKSClientSocketPool);
1279 // Constants for a successful SOCKS v5 handshake.
1280 extern const char kSOCKS5GreetRequest[];
1281 extern const int kSOCKS5GreetRequestLength;
1283 extern const char kSOCKS5GreetResponse[];
1284 extern const int kSOCKS5GreetResponseLength;
1286 extern const char kSOCKS5OkRequest[];
1287 extern const int kSOCKS5OkRequestLength;
1289 extern const char kSOCKS5OkResponse[];
1290 extern const int kSOCKS5OkResponseLength;
1292 } // namespace net
1294 #endif // NET_SOCKET_SOCKET_TEST_UTIL_H_