1 <& /page/page_title.mas, title => 'The Secretome of Phytophthora / Tomato Interactions' &>
3 <div class="indented_content">
5 <div style="width: 300px" class="captioned_image img_float_right">
7 <img src="/documents/img/secretom/infestans_leaves_stages_full.jpg" />
10 Infection of tomato leaves (upper panels) by P. infestans, showing
11 the early asymptomatic biotrophic phase (left) and the later
12 necrotrophic phase. The <span class="species_binomial">P. infestans
13 </span> developmental stages (trypan blue staining) are shown in
20 Plant pathogens can be classified into three groups, based on their
21 mechanism of infection: biotrophs, necrotrophs or
22 hemibiotrophs. Biotrophic pathogens penetrate the plant wall,
23 parasitize host cells while evading or suppressing defense responses
24 and require viable host tissue for pathogen nutrition and
25 reproduction. In contrast, necrotrophs, overwhelm plants by
26 secreting mixtures of degradative enzymes that allow the pathogens
27 to subsist on necrotized host tissue. Hemibiotrophic pathogens, such
28 as the bacterium <span class="species_binomial">Pseudomonas
29 syringae</span>, the fungus <span class="species_binomial">
30 Colletotrichum lindemuthianum</span> and the oomycete <span
31 class="species_binomial">Phytophthora infestans</span>, employ
32 elements of both these strategies in a biphasic "stealth"
37 This involves an initial biotrophic phase, when the pathogen
38 proliferates asymptomatically in the host and efficient mechanisms
39 must be employed to evade and suppress host defenses. Subsequently,
40 in the second stage, hemibiotrophs orchestrate a physiological
41 switch from asymptomatic infection to large-scale necrosis and
42 tissue dissolution, presumably resulting from the coordinated
43 secretion of factors such as lytic enzymes and necrosis elicitors.
48 We are using a range of strategies to characterize the secretomes
49 of the host and pathogen during the various stages of
50 hemibiotrophy, including <a href="/secretom/detail/functional_screens">
51 Yeast Secretion Trap Screen</a>, <a href="/secretom/detail/proteomics">
52 comparative proteomic analysis</a> of extracted protein populations,
53 and deepsequencing of the transcriptomes of the infected tissues using
59 <&| /secretom/section_templates/objectives.mas &>
61 Characterize multiple transcript populations from
62 <span class="species_binomial">P. infestans</span>-infected tomato
63 leaves over a time course spanning
64 biotrophic growth to advances necrotrophy.
66 Integrate the transcriptome data with the proteome analysis to
67 develop a developmental profile of the secretomes of the host and
68 pathogen during infection
70 Address the hypothesis that hemibiotrophic eukaryotes are able to
71 maintain a biotrophic interaction with their hosts and to trigger
72 the subsequent transition to necrotrophy by the coordinated and
73 temporally-regulated expression of distinct subsets of secreted
78 <&| /page/info_section.mas, title => 'Data Sets' &>
80 <p>These samples correspond to a time course experiment of a compatible
81 interaction between Phytophthora infestans (clonal lineage US11) and
82 its host tomato (M82). Tissue was collected at three different stages
83 of the interaction and a mock inoculated plant served as control.
86 <&| /secretom/section_templates/data_items.mas,
87 default_ref_base => '/download/data/secretom/Secretome_Phytophthora_tomato_interactions',
91 - text: Time 0, F95S1KP01.sff
93 - text: Time 1, GAVIB5H01.sff
95 - text: Time 2, GAVIB5H02.sff
97 - text: Time 3, F95S1KP02.sff
102 <&| /secretom/section_templates/publications.mas, entitize => 0 &>
104 Lee, S.-J. Kelley, B., Damasceno, C.M.B., St. John, B., Kim, B.-S. Kim, B.-D. and Rose, J.K.C. (2006) A functional screen to characterize the secretomes of eukaryotic phytopathogens and their hosts in planta. Molecular Plant Microbe Interactions 12: 1368-1377.
106 Damasceno, C.M.B., Bishop, J.G., Ripoll, D.R., Win, J., Kamoun, S. and Rose, J.K.C. (2008) The structure of the glucanase inhibitor protein (GIP) family from Phytophthora species and co-evolution with plant endo-Β-1,3-glucanases. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 21: 820-830.
108 Kelley, B.S., Lee, S.-J., Damasceno, C.M.B., Chakravarthy, S., Kim, B.-D., Martin, G.B. and Rose, J.K.C. (2010) A secreted effector protein (SNE1) from Phytophthora infestans is a broadly acting suppressor of programmed cell death. The Plant Journal 62: 357-366.
110 Lee, S.-J. and Rose, J.K.C. (2010) Mediation of the transition from biotrophy to necrotrophy in hemibiotrophic plant pathogens by secreted effector proteins. Plant Signaling and Behavior 5/6: 1559-2316.