2 Integrated Proteome/Transcriptome Profiling of Tomato Fruit
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14 We are integrating a <a href="http://ted.bti.cornell.edu">tomato fruit
15 transcript expression profiling initiative</a> with the cell wall
16 proteome analysis, in both wild type ripening fruit and those of the
17 ripening impaired mutants ripening inhibitor (rin), non-ripening (Nor)
18 and never ripe (Nr). The transcriptome data is being generated with
19 the 8,700 unigene TOM1 cDNA array, the long oligonucleotide 12,000
20 unigene (TOM2) microarrays and two RNASeq platforms (454 and
25 Following the identification of genes and their cognate proteins
26 through comparison of MS-derived protein sequence analysis with the
27 complement of the tomato microarray, microarray and proteomics data of
28 this gene set are directly compared to identify: (a) genes showing
29 significant expression changes by proteomic analysis but not by
30 microarray analysis, or vice versa, through fruit development, or in
31 comparison with mutant fruits; (b) genes showing significant
32 differences between changes in transcript and cognate protein levels.
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38 Compare the protein and transcriptome profile of each gene in the
39 groups above using correlation analysis and define three different
40 categories: those showing positive, negative or no significant
41 correlation between microarray and proteomic analysis.
43 If data sets of sufficient size result, the number of genes
44 represented in each group will be used to derive estimates of
45 secretome genes under transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional
48 Classify the genes into different functional categories to determine
49 whether certain classes of secretome genes are primarily under
50 transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional control during ripening.
55 Tissue specific analysis of the tomato pericarp tissues
56 transcriptome: an approach to increase specificity in secretome
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62 Most studies of the biochemical and regulatory pathways that are
63 associated with, and control, fruit expansion and ripening are based
64 on homogenized bulk tissues, and do not take into consideration the
65 multiplicity of different cell types from which the analytes
66 (transcripts, proteins or metabolites) are extracted. Consequently,
67 potentially valuable spatial information is lost and the lower
68 abundance cellular components that are expressed only in certain cell
69 types can be diluted below the level of detection.
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77 Light microscope image of a cross section through a tomato fruit
78 pericarp, which comprises several tissue types: outer epidermis,
79 collenchyma, parenchyma, vascular tissues, and inner epidermis.
85 We are using laser capture microdissection (LMD), coupled with
86 transcript profiling using RNAseq to identify tissue type specific
87 transcripts and molecular pathways, in to gain new insights into
88 aspects of tissue-specific gene expression, and consequently tissue
89 and organ physiology. In this regard, we are particularly interested
90 in defining tissue-specific secretomes. In addition, this deeper
91 mining of the transcriptome is extremely valuable for tomato gene
92 annotation; for example, revealing substantial alternative splicing,
93 which in turn is critical for enhancing the proteome analyses.
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100 <img src="/documents/img/secretom/tomato_pericarp_section_LMD_x300.jpg" />
103 Tomato fruit pericarp section after removal of the vascular tissue using LMD.
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111 Construct and sequence tissue specific transcript libraries for
112 each tissue in tomato fruit pericarp, using 454 and Illumina
113 technologies , at various developmental stages
115 Characterize the predicted secretomes of each tissue
117 Use the deep coverage of the transcripts to identify enhance gene
118 space definition, and therefore peptide matching for the proteomic
125 To date, a total of 1,456,024 high quality sequences have been
126 generated, distributed among the tissue libraries. Following sequence
127 assembly, 20,976 tomato unigenes (assembled from at least five reads)
128 were associated with one or more of the tissues.
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134 - text: "File 1: 454 GS FLX reads from library AC1001"
136 - text: "File 2: 454 GS FLX reads from library AC1002"
138 - text: "File 3: 454 GS FLX reads from library AC1003"
140 - text: "File 4: 454 GS FLX reads from library AC1004"
142 - text: "File 5: 454 GS FLX reads from library AC1005"
144 - text: "File 6: Assembled sequences of the tomato transcripts (fasta)"
145 ref: LCM454assembled.fasta
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150 Giovannoni, J. (2007) Fruit ripening mutants yield insights into ripening control. Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 10:283-289.
152 Cara, B. and Giovannoni, J. (2008) The molecular biology of ethylene during tomato fruit development and maturation. Plant Science. 175:106-113.
154 Vrebalov, J., Pan, I.L., Matas, A.J., McQuinn, R., Chung., M.Y., Poole, M., Rose, J.K.C., Seymour, G., Giovannoni, J.J. and Irish, V.F. (2009) Fleshy fruit expansion and ripening are regulated by the tomato SHATTERPROOF gene, TAGL1. The Plant Cell 21: 3041-3062 (front cover).
156 Matas, A.J., Agustí, J., Tadeo, F.R., Talón, M. and Rose, J.K.C. (2010) Tissue specific transcriptome profiling of the citrus fruit epidermis and subepidermis using laser capture microdissection. Journal of Experimental Botany 61: 3321-3330.
158 Matas, A.J., Fei, Z., Giovannoni, J.J. and Rose, J.K.C. (2010) Developments in tomato transcriptomics. In: Genetics, Genomics and Breeding in Fruits and Vegetable Crops (Eds. B. Leidl, A. Slade, S. Hurst, J.A. Labate, J.R. Stommel). Pub. Science Publishers, New Hampshire, USA. (in press).